महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-54, verse-2

वनं प्रव्राजितान्पार्थान्यदायान्मधुसूदनः ।
महता बलचक्रेण परराष्ट्रावमर्दिना ॥२॥

2. vanaṁ pravrājitānpārthānyadāyānmadhusūdanaḥ ,
mahatā balacakreṇa pararāṣṭrāvamardinā.

2. vanam pravrājitan pārthān yadā āyān madhusūdanaḥ
mahatā balacakreṇa pararāṣṭrāvamardinā

2. When Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa) approached the Pāṇḍavas, who had been exiled to the forest, he arrived with a great army that was capable of crushing enemy kingdoms.

Words meanings summery:

• वनम् (vanam) - forest

• प्रव्राजितन् (pravrājitan) - exiled, banished

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

• यदा (yadā) - when

• आयान् (āyān) - approaching, coming

• मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of the demon Madhu)

• महता (mahatā) - with great, formidable

• बलचक्रेण (balacakreṇa) - with an army, military force

• परराष्ट्रावमर्दिना (pararāṣṭrāvamardinā) - crushing enemy kingdoms, subduing hostile realms

Words meanings and morphology

वनम् (vanam) - forest

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

प्रव्राजितन् (pravrājitan) - exiled, banished

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pravrājita

pravrājita - exiled, banished, gone forth

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra + √vraj (to go, move)

Prefix: pra

Root: vraj (class 1)

Note: modifies Pārthān

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pārthas, sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a name for Arjuna and his brothers

patronymic from Pṛthā

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

आयान् (āyān) - approaching, coming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyat

āyat - approaching, coming, arriving

Present Active Participle

Derived from ā + √yā (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: modifies Madhusūdanaḥ

मधुसूदनः (madhusūdanaḥ) - Madhusūdana (Kṛṣṇa, the slayer of the demon Madhu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhusūdana

madhusūdana - slayer of Madhu, an epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+sūdana)

• madhu – honey, sweet, a demon name
  noun (neuter)
• sūdana – slayer, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from √sūd (to kill, destroy)
  Root: sūd (class 10)

महता (mahatā) - with great, formidable

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, powerful

Note: modifies balacakreṇa

बलचक्रेण (balacakreṇa) - with an army, military force

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of balacakra

balacakra - military force, army, host of forces

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+cakra)

• bala – strength, power, army
  noun (neuter)
• cakra – wheel, disk, army (as a division), multitude
  noun (neuter)

परराष्ट्रावमर्दिना (pararāṣṭrāvamardinā) - crushing enemy kingdoms, subduing hostile realms

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pararāṣṭrāvamardin

pararāṣṭrāvamardin - crushing enemy kingdoms, subduing hostile realms

agent noun/adjective

Compound: para-rāṣṭra (enemy kingdom) + avamardin (crusher/subduer)

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+rāṣṭra+avamardin)

• para – other, alien, hostile, enemy
  adjective
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)
• avamardin – crushing, destroying, subduing
  adjective
  agent noun/adjective
  from ava + √mṛd (to crush, trample)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: modifies balacakreṇa