महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-54, verse-53

तस्य शक्त्योपगूढस्य कस्माज्जीवेद्धनंजयः ।
विजयो मे ध्रुवं राजन्फलं पाणाविवाहितम् ।
अभिव्यक्तः परेषां च कृत्स्नो भुवि पराजयः ॥५३॥

53. tasya śaktyopagūḍhasya kasmājjīveddhanaṁjayaḥ ,
vijayo me dhruvaṁ rājanphalaṁ pāṇāvivāhitam ,
abhivyaktaḥ pareṣāṁ ca kṛtsno bhuvi parājayaḥ.

53. tasya śaktyā upagūḍhasya kasmāt jīvet
dhanañjayaḥ vijayaḥ me dhruvam rājan
phalam pāṇau iva āhitam abhivyaktaḥ
pareṣām ca kṛtsnaḥ bhuvi parājayaḥ

53. How could Dhananjaya (Arjuna) survive when Karna is protected by that power (śakti)? O king, my victory is certainly assured, like a fruit already held in hand. And the complete defeat of our enemies on earth is manifest.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - Of Karna (of him, his)

• शक्त्या (śaktyā) - By the divine dart given by Indra to Karna, known as Vasavi Shakti (by power, by the divine weapon (śakti))

• उपगूढस्य (upagūḍhasya) - Of Karna, who is protected by the śakti (of one who is covered/protected/hidden)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - How is it possible? (from what, why, how)

• जीवेत् (jīvet) - he would live, he should live

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (literally, 'conqueror of wealth') (Dhananjaya)

• विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory, triumph

• मे (me) - My (the speaker's, Sanjaya's, implying Duryodhana's side's) victory (my, to me, for me)

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - Certainly, assuredly (certainly, surely, fixed, firm)

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhritarashtra (O king)

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, reward

• पाणौ (pāṇau) - in the hand

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• आहितम् (āhitam) - Like a fruit already placed/held in hand (placed, set, laid)

• अभिव्यक्तः (abhivyaktaḥ) - manifest, revealed, expressed

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - Of the Pandavas and their allies (of enemies, of others)

• च (ca) - and

• कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - complete, entire, whole

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat, conquest

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - Of Karna (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

शक्त्या (śaktyā) - By the divine dart given by Indra to Karna, known as Vasavi Shakti (by power, by the divine weapon (śakti))

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, energy, divine power, weapon (specifically Indra's divine dart given to Karna)

From root śak 'to be able'. In this context, it refers to the divine dart given by Indra to Karna, known as Vasavi Shakti.

Root: śak (class 5)

उपगूढस्य (upagūḍhasya) - Of Karna, who is protected by the śakti (of one who is covered/protected/hidden)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upagūḍha

upagūḍha - covered, protected, hidden

Past Passive Participle

Derived from upa-gūh 'to cover, embrace, hide'.

Prefix: upa

Root: gūh (class 4)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - How is it possible? (from what, why, how)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of kim.

Note: Original ablative of 'kim', here functioning as an interrogative adverb.

जीवेत् (jīvet) - he would live, he should live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (literally, 'conqueror of wealth') (Dhananjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Arjuna (literally, 'conqueror of wealth'), fire

Epithet of Arjuna. From dhana (wealth) + jaya (conquering).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji 'to conquer'.
  Root: ji (class 1)

विजयः (vijayaḥ) - victory, triumph

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vijaya

vijaya - victory, triumph, conquest

From vi-ji 'to conquer, overcome'.

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

मे (me) - My (the speaker's, Sanjaya's, implying Duryodhana's side's) victory (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Enclitic dative/genitive of aham.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - Certainly, assuredly (certainly, surely, fixed, firm)

(indeclinable)

Also functions as an adverb meaning 'certainly'.

Root: dhruv (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhritarashtra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem word.

Root: rāj (class 1)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, reward

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Root: phal (class 1)

पाणौ (pāṇau) - in the hand

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pāṇi

pāṇi - hand

I-stem word.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison.

आहितम् (āhitam) - Like a fruit already placed/held in hand (placed, set, laid)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āhita

āhita - placed, set, laid, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ā-dhā 'to place, put, set'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

अभिव्यक्तः (abhivyaktaḥ) - manifest, revealed, expressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhivyakta

abhivyakta - manifest, revealed, expressed, evident

Past Passive Participle

Derived from abhi-vi-añj 'to manifest, make clear'.

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: añj (class 7)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - Of the Pandavas and their allies (of enemies, of others)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, enemy, supreme

Here used as a noun meaning 'enemies'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - complete, entire, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - complete, entire, whole, all

Root: kṛt (class 6)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, place, world

U-stem feminine noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat, conquest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parājaya

parājaya - defeat, loss, conquest

From parā-ji 'to conquer, defeat'.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)