महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-54, verse-20

पुरैकेन हि भीष्मेण विजिताः सर्वपार्थिवाः ।
मृते पितर्यभिक्रुद्धो रथेनैकेन भारत ॥२०॥

20. puraikena hi bhīṣmeṇa vijitāḥ sarvapārthivāḥ ,
mṛte pitaryabhikruddho rathenaikena bhārata.

20. purā ekena hi bhīṣmeṇa vijitāḥ sarvapārthivāḥ
mṛte pitari abhikruddhaḥ rathena ekena bhārata

20. O descendant of Bharata (bhārata), indeed, all kings were formerly conquered by the single Bhishma. He, greatly enraged after his father's death, achieved this feat with just one chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, in the past

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

• विजिताः (vijitāḥ) - conquered, defeated, overcome

• सर्वपार्थिवाः (sarvapārthivāḥ) - all kings, all rulers of the earth

• मृते (mṛte) - when dead, upon the death

• पितरि (pitari) - in the father, when the father

• अभिक्रुद्धः (abhikruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, very angry

• रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot, with a chariot

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata

Words meanings and morphology

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times, in the past

(indeclinable)

एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single

(numeral)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

विजिताः (vijitāḥ) - conquered, defeated, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vijita

vijita - conquered, defeated, won

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root JI (to conquer) with prefix VI (apart, away) and suffix -kta (past passive participle)

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the kings.

सर्वपार्थिवाः (sarvapārthivāḥ) - all kings, all rulers of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarvapārthiva

sarvapārthiva - all kings, all rulers of the earth

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+pārthiva)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• pārthiva – king, ruler, prince (lit. 'earthly')
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pṛthivī (earth)

Note: Subject of the passive construction.

मृते (mṛte) - when dead, upon the death

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root MṚ (to die) with suffix -kta

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction 'mṛte pitari' (when the father died).

पितरि (pitari) - in the father, when the father

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Part of the locative absolute construction 'mṛte pitari' (when the father died).

अभिक्रुद्धः (abhikruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhikruddha

abhikruddha - enraged, greatly angered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root KRUDH (to be angry) with prefix ABHI (towards, greatly) and suffix -kta

Prefix: abhi

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Describes the state of Bhishma.

रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot, with a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single

(numeral)

Note: Emphasizes 'only one chariot'.

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata