महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-8

तस्यासीन्न विषेणेदमुदकं दूषितं यथा ।
मुखवर्णाः प्रसन्ना मे भ्रातॄणामित्यचिन्तयत् ॥८॥

8. tasyāsīnna viṣeṇedamudakaṁ dūṣitaṁ yathā ,
mukhavarṇāḥ prasannā me bhrātṝṇāmityacintayat.

8. tasya āsīt na viṣeṇa idam udakam dūṣitam yathā |
mukhavarṇāḥ prasannā me bhrātṝṇām iti acintayat

8. Yudhiṣṭhira thought, "This water could not have been poisoned, because the countenances of my brothers are serene."

8. עלה בדעתו שהמים לא הורעלו, שהרי פני אחיו נראים שלווים, כך חשב.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of him (Yudhiṣṭhira's observation/perspective) (his, of him, its, of it)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विषेण (viṣeṇa) - by poison (by poison, by venom)

• इदम् (idam) - this (water) (this, this one)

• उदकम् (udakam) - water (in the pool) (water)

• दूषितम् (dūṣitam) - polluted, poisoned (polluted, spoiled, defiled)

• यथा (yathā) - as, because (introducing a reason) (as, just as, in what way)

• मुखवर्णाः (mukhavarṇāḥ) - countenances, faces (facial complexions, countenances)

• प्रसन्ना (prasannā) - serene, unblemished (clear, serene, tranquil, pleased)

• मे (me) - my (brothers) (my, to me, for me)

• भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of my brothers (of brothers, among brothers)

• इति (iti) - thus (introducing speech/thought) (thus, so)

• अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he thought (he thought, he reflected)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of him (Yudhiṣṭhira's observation/perspective) (his, of him, its, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Here used to indicate Yudhiṣṭhira's perspective or the state of affairs concerning him.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विषेण (viṣeṇa) - by poison (by poison, by venom)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of viṣa

viṣa - poison, venom

इदम् (idam) - this (water) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Used as an adjective modifying 'udakam'.

उदकम् (udakam) - water (in the pool) (water)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water

दूषितम् (dūṣitam) - polluted, poisoned (polluted, spoiled, defiled)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dūṣita

dūṣita - polluted, spoiled, defiled, injured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dūṣ (to spoil, pollute) + kta suffix

Root: dūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'udakam'.

यथा (yathā) - as, because (introducing a reason) (as, just as, in what way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Here it functions to introduce the reason for his conclusion.

मुखवर्णाः (mukhavarṇāḥ) - countenances, faces (facial complexions, countenances)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mukhavarṇa

mukhavarṇa - facial complexion, facial color, countenance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mukha+varṇa)

• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)
• varṇa – color, complexion, caste, letter
  noun (masculine)

प्रसन्ना (prasannā) - serene, unblemished (clear, serene, tranquil, pleased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prasanna

prasanna - clear, bright, serene, tranquil, pleased, propitiated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-sad (to be clear, to be pleased) + kta suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mukhavarṇāḥ'.

मे (me) - my (brothers) (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form of genitive singular of 'asmad'.

भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of my brothers (of brothers, among brothers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

इति (iti) - thus (introducing speech/thought) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he thought (he thought, he reflected)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cint

Derived from root cit with ṇic (causative) and then used as a simple verb (denominal), or directly root cint (10th class)

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: The augment 'a' indicates past tense.

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