महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-45

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
सार्थः प्रवसतो मित्रं भार्या मित्रं गृहे सतः ।
आतुरस्य भिषङ्मित्रं दानं मित्रं मरिष्यतः ॥४५॥

45. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
sārthaḥ pravasato mitraṁ bhāryā mitraṁ gṛhe sataḥ ,
āturasya bhiṣaṅmitraṁ dānaṁ mitraṁ mariṣyataḥ.

45. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca sārthaḥ pravasataḥ mitram bhāryā mitram
gṛhe sataḥ āturasya bhiṣak mitram dānam mitram mariṣyataḥ

45. Yudhishthira said, "A company of travelers is a friend to one who journeys abroad. A wife is a friend to one who stays at home. A physician is a friend to a sick person. Giving (dāna) is a friend to one who is about to die."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सार्थः (sārthaḥ) - a company of travelers, caravan

• प्रवसतः (pravasataḥ) - of one who travels, of a sojourner

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

• गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home

• सतः (sataḥ) - of one who stays at home (of one who is, of one who exists)

• आतुरस्य (āturasya) - of a sick person, of one in distress

• भिषक् (bhiṣak) - physician, healer

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

• दानम् (dānam) - charity, the act of giving (dāna) (gift, donation, charity)

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

• मरिष्यतः (mariṣyataḥ) - of one who is about to die

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pandavas)

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, war
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  from root sthā
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect stem from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सार्थः (sārthaḥ) - a company of travelers, caravan

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārtha

sārtha - company, caravan, multitude, rich, wealthy

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+artha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

प्रवसतः (pravasataḥ) - of one who travels, of a sojourner

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pravasat

pravasat - traveling, living abroad

Present Active Participle

From pra-vas (pra + vas 'to dwell')

Prefix: pra

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, the Sun

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife (lit. 'one who is to be supported')

Gerundive

From root bhṛ 'to bear, support, maintain', with suffix -ya (kṛtya)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, the Sun

गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, at home

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

सतः (sataḥ) - of one who stays at home (of one who is, of one who exists)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, real

Present Active Participle

From root as 'to be'

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used substantively.

आतुरस्य (āturasya) - of a sick person, of one in distress

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātura

ātura - sick, diseased, distressed, suffering

From ā-tur (ā + tur 'to hasten, be agitated')

Prefix: ā

Root: tur (class 6)

Note: Used substantively.

भिषक् (bhiṣak) - physician, healer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhiṣaj

bhiṣaj - physician, healer, curer

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, the Sun

दानम् (dānam) - charity, the act of giving (dāna) (gift, donation, charity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - gift, donation, charity, the act of giving

From root dā 'to give'

Root: dā (class 3)

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, the Sun

मरिष्यतः (mariṣyataḥ) - of one who is about to die

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of mariṣyat

mariṣyat - about to die, destined to die

Future Active Participle

From root mṛ 'to die', future stem mariṣya-

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Used substantively.