महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-42

यक्ष उवाच ।
किं स्वित्सुप्तं न निमिषति किं स्विज्जातं न चोपति ।
कस्य स्विद्धृदयं नास्ति किं स्विद्वेगेन वर्धते ॥४२॥

42. yakṣa uvāca ,
kiṁ svitsuptaṁ na nimiṣati kiṁ svijjātaṁ na copati ,
kasya sviddhṛdayaṁ nāsti kiṁ svidvegena vardhate.

42. yakṣaḥ uvāca kim svit suptam na nimiṣati kim svit jātam na
ca upati kasya svit hṛdayam na asti kim svit vegena vardhate

42. The Yakṣa said, "What, while sleeping, does not close its eyes? What, when born, does not stir? What has no heart? What grows rapidly?"

Words meanings summery:

• यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - The Yakṣa (speaking in the story) (a Yakṣa, a class of semi-divine beings)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

• सुप्तम् (suptam) - What, while asleep (asleep, sleeping)

• न (na) - not, no

• निमिषति (nimiṣati) - does not close its eyes (winks, closes its eyes, blinks)

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

• जातम् (jātam) - What, when born (born, produced, generated)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपति (upati) - does not stir or move from its place (goes, moves, stirs)

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, of what

• स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind, core

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is not, does not exist (is, exists)

• किम् (kim) - what, which

• स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, quickly

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows rapidly (grows, increases, prospers)

Words meanings and morphology

यक्षः (yakṣaḥ) - The Yakṣa (speaking in the story) (a Yakṣa, a class of semi-divine beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - a class of semi-divine beings, a Yakṣa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense form of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, who

स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

(indeclinable)

सुप्तम् (suptam) - What, while asleep (asleep, sleeping)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of supta

supta - slept, asleep, sleeping

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √svap

Root: svap (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

निमिषति (nimiṣati) - does not close its eyes (winks, closes its eyes, blinks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ni-miṣ

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √miṣ with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: miṣ (class 4)

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, who

स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

(indeclinable)

जातम् (jātam) - What, when born (born, produced, generated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √jan

Root: jan (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उपति (upati) - does not stir or move from its place (goes, moves, stirs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upa-i

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √i with prefix upa-. The form 'upati' is an attested, less common variant of 'upaiti' or a metrical adaptation.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, of what

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Can also be masculine/feminine genitive singular, referring to 'who'.

स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

(indeclinable)

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind, core

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is not, does not exist (is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Present tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of √as

Root: as (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, who

स्वित् (svit) - indeed, perhaps, pray, I wonder if

(indeclinable)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

Root: vij (class 6)

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows rapidly (grows, increases, prospers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Present Middle

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of √vṛdh. Active voice form 'vardhati' is also common.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)