महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-55

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
आनृशंस्यं परो धर्मस्त्रयीधर्मः सदाफलः ।
मनो यम्य न शोचन्ति सद्भिः संधिर्न जीर्यते ॥५५॥

55. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ānṛśaṁsyaṁ paro dharmastrayīdharmaḥ sadāphalaḥ ,
mano yamya na śocanti sadbhiḥ saṁdhirna jīryate.

55. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | ānṛśaṃsyam
paraḥ dharmaḥ trayī-dharmaḥ
sadāphalaḥ | manaḥ yamya na
śocanti sadbhiḥ sandhiḥ na jīryate

55. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "Non-cruelty is the supreme (dharma). The (dharma) of the three Vedas (Trayī-dharma) always bears fruit. By restraining the mind, people do not grieve. An alliance with the good does not decay."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty, compassion, kindness

• परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest, excellent

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - (dharma) natural law, righteousness

• त्रयी-धर्मः (trayī-dharmaḥ) - the (dharma) of the three Vedas, Vedic (dharma)

• सदाफलः (sadāphalaḥ) - always bearing fruit, always fruitful

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind

• यम्य (yamya) - having restrained, having controlled

• न (na) - not, no

• शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they grieve, they lament

• सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the righteous, by the virtuous

• सन्धिः (sandhiḥ) - alliance, treaty, union

• न (na) - not, no

• जीर्यते (jīryate) - it decays, it becomes old, it wears out

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (the eldest of the Pāṇḍavas, known for his righteousness)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आनृशंस्यम् (ānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruelty, compassion, kindness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ānṛśaṃsya

ānṛśaṁsya - non-cruelty, compassion, kindness, humanity, mildness

परः (paraḥ) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate, chief, other, distant

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - (dharma) natural law, righteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature, code of conduct

त्रयी-धर्मः (trayī-dharmaḥ) - the (dharma) of the three Vedas, Vedic (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trayī-dharma

trayī-dharma - the natural law (dharma) prescribed by the three Vedas (Ṛgveda, Yajurveda, Sāmaveda)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trayī+dharma)

• trayī – the three Vedas (Ṛgveda, Yajurveda, Sāmaveda)
  noun (feminine)
• dharma – natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, constitution, intrinsic nature, code of conduct
  noun (masculine)

सदाफलः (sadāphalaḥ) - always bearing fruit, always fruitful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadāphala

sadāphala - always bearing fruit, ever-fruitful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sadā+phala)

• sadā – always, ever, perpetually
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (masculine)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness, spirit

यम्य (yamya) - having restrained, having controlled

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root yam (to restrain) with the -ya suffix (lyap form, even without an explicit prefix in this usage).

Root: yam (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शोचन्ति (śocanti) - they grieve, they lament

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

सद्भिः (sadbhiḥ) - by the good, by the righteous, by the virtuous

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sat

sat - good, righteous, virtuous, existent, real, true

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be) + -śatṛ (present active participle suffix), here used as an adjective/noun.

Root: as (class 2)

सन्धिः (sandhiḥ) - alliance, treaty, union

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sandhi

sandhi - union, junction, alliance, treaty, peace, connection

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जीर्यते (jīryate) - it decays, it becomes old, it wears out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of jīr

Root: jīr (class 4)