महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-13

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
रुद्राणां वा वसूनां वा मरुतां वा प्रधानभाक् ।
पृच्छामि को भवान्देवो नैतच्छकुनिना कृतम् ॥१३॥

13. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
rudrāṇāṁ vā vasūnāṁ vā marutāṁ vā pradhānabhāk ,
pṛcchāmi ko bhavāndevo naitacchakuninā kṛtam.

13. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca rudrāṇāṃ vā vasūnāṃ vā marutāṃ vā
pradhānabhāk pṛcchāmi kaḥ bhavān devaḥ na etat śakuninā kṛtam

13. Yudhishthira said: I ask, who are you, O divine being? Are you the chief among the Rudras, or the Vasus, or the Maruts? This (deed) was certainly not done by Shakuni.

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• रुद्राणाम् (rudrāṇām) - of the Rudras (a group of deities)

• वा (vā) - or

• वसूनाम् (vasūnām) - of the Vasus (a class of deities)

• वा (vā) - or

• मरुताम् (marutām) - of the Maruts (storm deities)

• वा (vā) - or

• प्रधानभाक् (pradhānabhāk) - chief among (indicating a prominent member of a group of deities) (recipient of the main share, chief portion, chief among)

• पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire

• कः (kaḥ) - who, which

• भवान् (bhavān) - your honor, you (polite)

• देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being

• न (na) - not

• एतत् (etat) - this deed, this situation (referring to the brothers dying) (this)

• शकुनिना (śakuninā) - by Shakuni

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (lit. 'steady in battle')

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – steady, firm, constant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: vac (class 2)

रुद्राणाम् (rudrāṇām) - of the Rudras (a group of deities)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later associated with Shiva); a fierce god, a spirit

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

वसूनाम् (vasūnām) - of the Vasus (a class of deities)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - Vasu (a class of eight deities); wealth, good, excellent

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

मरुताम् (marutām) - of the Maruts (storm deities)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of marut

marut - Marut (a class of storm deities); wind, air

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

प्रधानभाक् (pradhānabhāk) - chief among (indicating a prominent member of a group of deities) (recipient of the main share, chief portion, chief among)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradhānabhāj

pradhānabhāj - recipient of the main share, chief portion, chief among

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pradhāna+bhāj)

• pradhāna – chief, main, principal
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāj – sharing, receiving, belonging to
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhaj- (to share, to belong)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Adjective qualifying 'bhavān devaḥ'.

पृच्छामि (pṛcchāmi) - I ask, I inquire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of prach

Present

Present, 1st person singular, active voice

Root: prach (class 6)

कः (kaḥ) - who, which

(interrogative pronoun)

भवान् (bhavān) - your honor, you (polite)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (polite); existing, being

Present Active Participle (when used as 'being')

Root: bhū (class 1)

देवः (devaḥ) - god, divine being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एतत् (etat) - this deed, this situation (referring to the brothers dying) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Acts as the subject of 'kṛtam'.

शकुनिना (śakuninā) - by Shakuni

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (a proper name); bird

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed; deed, act

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root kṛ- (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)