महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-27

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
ब्रह्मादित्यमुन्नयति देवास्तस्याभितश्चराः ।
धर्मश्चास्तं नयति च सत्ये च प्रतितिष्ठति ॥२७॥

27. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
brahmādityamunnayati devāstasyābhitaścarāḥ ,
dharmaścāstaṁ nayati ca satye ca pratitiṣṭhati.

27. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | brahmā
ādityam unnayati devāḥ tasya abhitaḥ
carāḥ | dharmaḥ ca astam
nayati ca satye ca pratitiṣṭhati

27. Yudhishthira said: "Brahma raises the sun; the gods (devas) are its companions. Natural law (dharma) causes it to set, and it finds its steady support in truth (satya)."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - The eldest of the Pandavas, known for his adherence to natural law (dharma). (Yudhishthira)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - The Hindu deity responsible for cosmic creation, who is said to raise the sun. (Brahma (the creator god))

• आदित्यम् (ādityam) - Refers to the physical sun or the solar deity. (the sun, Aditya)

• उन्नयति (unnayati) - Causes the sun to ascend or rise. (raises, lifts up, brings up)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - Celestial beings who accompany the sun. (gods, deities)

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sun (āditya). (its, his)

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - Indicates that the gods are positioned around the sun. (around, on all sides)

• चराः (carāḥ) - Those who move around the sun, serving as its companions. (movers, wanderers, attendants)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The universal moral and cosmic order that governs the world and ensures phenomena like the sun's setting. (natural law, righteousness, duty)

• च (ca) - and

• अस्तम् (astam) - Used in the idiom 'astam nayati' meaning 'leads to setting'. (setting, home)

• नयति (nayati) - Causes the sun to descend or set. (leads, guides, brings)

• च (ca) - and

• सत्ये (satye) - The ultimate reality or principle of truth in which the sun is established and finds its steadfast support. (in truth, in reality)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रतितिष्ठति (pratitiṣṭhati) - Finds its stable support or foundation. (stands, rests, is established)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - The eldest of the Pandavas, known for his adherence to natural law (dharma). (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (lit. firm in battle)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - The Hindu deity responsible for cosmic creation, who is said to raise the sun. (Brahma (the creator god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahma (the creator god); the Absolute (brahman)

Note: Nominative singular form referring to the deity Brahma (masculine gender).

आदित्यम् (ādityam) - Refers to the physical sun or the solar deity. (the sun, Aditya)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a son of Aditi (often referring to a class of deities)

Patronymic from Aditi.

Note: Object of 'unnayati'.

उन्नयति (unnayati) - Causes the sun to ascend or rise. (raises, lifts up, brings up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of unnay

Prefix: ud

Root: nī (class 1)

देवाः (devāḥ) - Celestial beings who accompany the sun. (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, celestial being

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sun (āditya). (its, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - Indicates that the gods are positioned around the sun. (around, on all sides)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with genitive case.

चराः (carāḥ) - Those who move around the sun, serving as its companions. (movers, wanderers, attendants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cara

cara - moving, wandering; a companion, attendant

agent noun

Derived from the root √car (to move, to wander).

Root: car (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - The universal moral and cosmic order that governs the world and ensures phenomena like the sun's setting. (natural law, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, justice, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positive conjunction.

अस्तम् (astam) - Used in the idiom 'astam nayati' meaning 'leads to setting'. (setting, home)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - home, dwelling, setting (of sun)

Note: Functions adverbially in this context.

नयति (nayati) - Causes the sun to descend or set. (leads, guides, brings)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Root: nī (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positive conjunction.

सत्ये (satye) - The ultimate reality or principle of truth in which the sun is established and finds its steadfast support. (in truth, in reality)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, sincerity

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positive conjunction, can be redundant or emphasize.

प्रतितिष्ठति (pratitiṣṭhati) - Finds its stable support or foundation. (stands, rests, is established)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratiṣṭhā

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)