महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-297, verse-26

यक्ष उवाच ।
किं स्विदादित्यमुन्नयति के च तस्याभितश्चराः ।
कश्चैनमस्तं नयति कस्मिंश्च प्रतितिष्ठति ॥२६॥

26. yakṣa uvāca ,
kiṁ svidādityamunnayati ke ca tasyābhitaścarāḥ ,
kaścainamastaṁ nayati kasmiṁśca pratitiṣṭhati.

26. yakṣa uvāca | kim svid ādityam unnayati ke ca tasya abhitaḥ
carāḥ | kaḥ ca enam astam nayati kasmin ca pratitiṣṭhati

26. The Yaksha said: "What, pray, raises the sun? Who are its companions? Who leads it to set? And in what does it find its steady support?"

Words meanings summery:

• यक्ष (yakṣa) - The specific nature spirit who is asking the questions. (Yaksha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किम् (kim) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about the agent that causes the sun to rise. (what?)

• स्विद् (svid) - An emphatic or interrogative particle, often untranslated but adds nuance of inquiry. (pray, indeed, surely)

• आदित्यम् (ādityam) - Refers to the physical sun or the solar deity. (the sun, Aditya)

• उन्नयति (unnayati) - Causes the sun to ascend or rise. (raises, lifts up, brings up)

• के (ke) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about multiple agents. (who? (plural))

• च (ca) - and

• तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sun (āditya). (its, his)

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - Indicates that the companions are positioned around the sun. (around, on all sides)

• चराः (carāḥ) - Those who move around the sun, serving as its companions. (movers, wanderers, attendants)

• कः (kaḥ) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about the single agent who causes the sun to set. (who? (singular))

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - Refers to the sun (āditya). (him, it)

• अस्तम् (astam) - Used in the idiom 'astam nayati' meaning 'leads to setting'. (setting, home)

• नयति (nayati) - Causes the sun to descend or set. (leads, guides, brings)

• कस्मिन् (kasmin) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about the foundation or support for the sun. (in what?)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रतितिष्ठति (pratitiṣṭhati) - Finds its stable support or foundation. (stands, rests, is established)

Words meanings and morphology

यक्ष (yakṣa) - The specific nature spirit who is asking the questions. (Yaksha)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yakṣa

yakṣa - Yaksha (a class of benevolent but sometimes mischievous nature-spirits)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about the agent that causes the sun to rise. (what?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? who?

स्विद् (svid) - An emphatic or interrogative particle, often untranslated but adds nuance of inquiry. (pray, indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

आदित्यम् (ādityam) - Refers to the physical sun or the solar deity. (the sun, Aditya)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a son of Aditi (often referring to a class of deities)

Patronymic from Aditi.

Note: Object of 'unnayati'.

उन्नयति (unnayati) - Causes the sun to ascend or rise. (raises, lifts up, brings up)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of unnay

Prefix: ud

Root: nī (class 1)

के (ke) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about multiple agents. (who? (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what? which? who?

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positive conjunction.

तस्य (tasya) - Refers to the sun (āditya). (its, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - Indicates that the companions are positioned around the sun. (around, on all sides)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with genitive case.

चराः (carāḥ) - Those who move around the sun, serving as its companions. (movers, wanderers, attendants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cara

cara - moving, wandering; a companion, attendant

agent noun

Derived from the root √car (to move, to wander).

Root: car (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about the single agent who causes the sun to set. (who? (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what? which? who?

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positive conjunction.

एनम् (enam) - Refers to the sun (āditya). (him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'nayati'.

अस्तम् (astam) - Used in the idiom 'astam nayati' meaning 'leads to setting'. (setting, home)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asta

asta - home, dwelling, setting (of sun)

Note: Functions adverbially in this context.

नयति (nayati) - Causes the sun to descend or set. (leads, guides, brings)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nī

Root: nī (class 1)

कस्मिन् (kasmin) - Interrogative pronoun, asking about the foundation or support for the sun. (in what?)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? which? who?

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Post-positive conjunction.

प्रतितिष्ठति (pratitiṣṭhati) - Finds its stable support or foundation. (stands, rests, is established)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pratiṣṭhā

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)