महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-11, verse-41

सा सभा तादृशी दृष्टा सर्वलोकेषु दुर्लभा ।
सभेयं राजशार्दूल मनुष्येषु यथा तव ॥४१॥

41. sā sabhā tādṛśī dṛṣṭā sarvalokeṣu durlabhā ,
sabheyaṁ rājaśārdūla manuṣyeṣu yathā tava.

41. sā sabhā tādṛśī dṛṣṭā sarvalokeṣu durlabhā
sabhā iyam rājaśārdūla manuṣyeṣu yathā tava

41. That assembly (sabhā), as it was seen, was of such a kind (tādṛśī) that it is rare (durlabhā) in all the worlds (sarvalokeṣu). O tiger among kings (rājaśārdūla), this assembly (sabhā iyam) among humans (manuṣyeṣu) is just like yours (tava).

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - Refers to the assembly (sabhā). (that)

• सभा (sabhā) - The assembly hall being described. (assembly, hall, council)

• तादृशी (tādṛśī) - Describing the unique quality of the assembly hall. (such, of that kind)

• दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - The assembly as it was seen. (seen, observed)

• सर्वलोकेषु (sarvalokeṣu) - Emphasizing the rarity across all known existence. (among all worlds, in all realms)

• दुर्लभा (durlabhā) - Describing the assembly hall's rarity. (difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find)

• सभा (sabhā) - The assembly hall being described. (assembly, hall, council)

• इयम् (iyam) - Refers to the current assembly being described. (this)

• राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a common epithet for great kings. (O tiger among kings, O best of kings)

• मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - Limited to the human realm. (among men, among human beings)

• यथा (yathā) - Used for comparison. (just as, as, like)

• तव (tava) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's assembly. (your, of you)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - Refers to the assembly (sabhā). (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that

Feminine nominative singular of 'tad'.

सभा (sabhā) - The assembly hall being described. (assembly, hall, council)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, hall, council, gathering

तादृशी (tādṛśī) - Describing the unique quality of the assembly hall. (such, of that kind)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that kind, similar

Derived from 'tad' (that) and suffix '-dṛśa' (like, similar).

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'sabhā'.

दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - The assembly as it was seen. (seen, observed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

Past Passive Participle

From root DṚŚ (to see), participle form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वलोकेषु (sarvalokeṣu) - Emphasizing the rarity across all known existence. (among all worlds, in all realms)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarvaloka

sarvaloka - all worlds, all realms

Tatpuruṣa compound of sarva + loka.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+loka)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)

दुर्लभा (durlabhā) - Describing the assembly hall's rarity. (difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find

Gerundive (kṛtya)

From prefix DUR (difficult) and root LABH (to obtain).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating difficulty or badness.
• labha – obtainable, to be gained
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root LABH (to obtain), with suffix -a.
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'sabhā'.

सभा (sabhā) - The assembly hall being described. (assembly, hall, council)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, hall, council, gathering

इयम् (iyam) - Refers to the current assembly being described. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Feminine nominative singular of 'idam'.

राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra, a common epithet for great kings. (O tiger among kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - tiger among kings, best of kings

A compound where 'śārdūla' (tiger) metaphorically describes 'rājan' (king).

Compound type : saptamī tatpuruṣa (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, best of its kind
  noun (masculine)

मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - Limited to the human realm. (among men, among human beings)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being

Derived from Manu (the progenitor of mankind).

यथा (yathā) - Used for comparison. (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's assembly. (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Genitive singular form of 'yuṣmad'.