महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-11, verse-60

एतस्मात्कारणात्पार्थ हरिश्चन्द्रो विराजते ।
तेभ्यो राजसहस्रेभ्यस्तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ॥६०॥

60. etasmātkāraṇātpārtha hariścandro virājate ,
tebhyo rājasahasrebhyastadviddhi bharatarṣabha.

60. etasmāt kāraṇāt pārtha hariścandraḥ virājate
tebhyaḥ rāja-sahasrebhyaḥ tat viddhi bharatarṣabha

60. For this reason, O Pārtha, Harishchandra shines forth. Know this, O best of Bharatas (Bharatarṣabha), that he excels over thousands of other kings.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this, on account of this

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from reason, on account of

• पार्थ (pārtha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• हरिश्चन्द्रः (hariścandraḥ) - Harishchandra (name of a king)

• विराजते (virājate) - he shines, he excels, he reigns

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, from them, than them

• राज-सहस्रेभ्यः (rāja-sahasrebhyaḥ) - from thousands of kings, than thousands of kings

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the fact that Harishchandra excels. (that, this)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O best of Bharatas, O mighty Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this, on account of this

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (neuter demonstrative pronoun)

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from reason, on account of

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'etasmāt' meaning 'for this reason'.

पार्थ (pārtha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti), mother of Arjuna.

हरिश्चन्द्रः (hariścandraḥ) - Harishchandra (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hariścandra

hariścandra - Harishchandra (a legendary king renowned for his truthfulness and generosity)

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hari+candra)

• hari – golden, yellow, tawny, lion, Vishnu
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'virājate'.

विराजते (virājate) - he shines, he excels, he reigns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of rāj

Present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular middle

From root rāj with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, from them, than them

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Used with comparison.

राज-सहस्रेभ्यः (rāja-sahasrebhyaḥ) - from thousands of kings, than thousands of kings

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of rāja-sahasra

rāja-sahasra - a thousand kings

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sahasra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used with comparison 'virājate'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the fact that Harishchandra excels. (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative (loṭ), 2nd person singular active

From root vid (irregular, 2nd class).

Root: vid (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O best of Bharatas, O mighty Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull of the Bharatas, mighty Bharata (epithet for a great warrior of the Bharata lineage)

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, India
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)