महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-11, verse-60

एतस्मात्कारणात्पार्थ हरिश्चन्द्रो विराजते ।
तेभ्यो राजसहस्रेभ्यस्तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ॥६०॥

60. etasmātkāraṇātpārtha hariścandro virājate ,
tebhyo rājasahasrebhyastadviddhi bharatarṣabha.

60. etasmāt kāraṇāt pārtha hariścandraḥ virājate
tebhyaḥ rāja-sahasrebhyaḥ tat viddhi bharatarṣabha

60. For this reason, O Pārtha, Harishchandra shines forth. Know this, O best of Bharatas (Bharatarṣabha), that he excels over thousands of other kings.

60. בגלל זה, הו פָּארְטְהַא, הַרִישְׁצ׳ַנְדְרַה זורח מעל אלפי המלכים ההם. דע זאת, הו אדם דגול בשושלת בְּהַרַטַה.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this, on account of this

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from reason, on account of

• पार्थ (pārtha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

• हरिश्चन्द्रः (hariścandraḥ) - Harishchandra (name of a king)

• विराजते (virājate) - he shines, he excels, he reigns

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, from them, than them

• राज-सहस्रेभ्यः (rāja-sahasrebhyaḥ) - from thousands of kings, than thousands of kings

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the fact that Harishchandra excels. (that, this)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O best of Bharatas, O mighty Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मात् (etasmāt) - from this, on account of this

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this (neuter demonstrative pronoun)

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from reason, on account of

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used with 'etasmāt' meaning 'for this reason'.

पार्थ (pārtha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O son of Pṛthā, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kunti), mother of Arjuna.

हरिश्चन्द्रः (hariścandraḥ) - Harishchandra (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hariścandra

hariścandra - Harishchandra (a legendary king renowned for his truthfulness and generosity)

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hari+candra)

• hari – golden, yellow, tawny, lion, Vishnu
  adjective/noun (masculine)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'virājate'.

विराजते (virājate) - he shines, he excels, he reigns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of rāj

Present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular middle

From root rāj with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, from them, than them

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Used with comparison.

राज-सहस्रेभ्यः (rāja-sahasrebhyaḥ) - from thousands of kings, than thousands of kings

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of rāja-sahasra

rāja-sahasra - a thousand kings

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sahasra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used with comparison 'virājate'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the fact that Harishchandra excels. (that, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative (loṭ), 2nd person singular active

From root vid (irregular, 2nd class).

Root: vid (class 2)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Refers to Arjuna. (O best of Bharatas, O mighty Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull of the Bharatas, mighty Bharata (epithet for a great warrior of the Bharata lineage)

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, India
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

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