महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-85, verse-40

ब्राह्मणस्य कवेः पुत्रा वारुणास्तेऽप्युदाहृताः ।
अष्टौ प्रसवजैर्युक्ता गुणैर्ब्रह्मविदः शुभाः ॥४०॥

40. brāhmaṇasya kaveḥ putrā vāruṇāste'pyudāhṛtāḥ ,
aṣṭau prasavajairyuktā guṇairbrahmavidaḥ śubhāḥ.

40. brāhmaṇasya kaveḥ putrāḥ vāruṇāḥ te api udāhṛtāḥ
aṣṭau prasavajaiḥ yuktāḥ guṇaiḥ brahmavidaḥ śubhāḥ

40. brāhmaṇasya kaveḥ putrāḥ te api vāruṇāḥ udāhṛtāḥ
aṣṭau śubhāḥ brahmavidaḥ prasavajaiḥ guṇaiḥ yuktāḥ

40. The sons of the Brahmin sage Kavi are also declared to be Vāruṇas. These eight auspicious ones, knowers of the supreme reality (brahman), are endowed with innate qualities.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brahmin sage (of the brahmin; of a scholar; of one related to brahman)

• कवेः (kaveḥ) - of the sage Kavi (of the poet, of the sage, of Kavi)

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• वारुणाः (vāruṇāḥ) - descendants of Varuṇa (belonging to Varuṇa, descendants of Varuṇa)

• ते (te) - they (they, those)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even)

• उदाहृताः (udāhṛtāḥ) - declared to be (declared, said, stated)

• अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

• प्रसवजैः (prasavajaiḥ) - by innate (qualities from their birth) (by those born, by those originated from birth)

• युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - endowed with (endowed with, connected, joined)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by good qualities (by qualities, by attributes)

• ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - knowers of the supreme reality (brahman) (knowers of Brahman, those who know the supreme reality)

• शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious (auspicious, shining, beautiful)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the brahmin sage (of the brahmin; of a scholar; of one related to brahman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, a man of the priestly class; related to Brahman

From brahman + aṇ (possessive/relative suffix)

कवेः (kaveḥ) - of the sage Kavi (of the poet, of the sage, of Kavi)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kavi

kavi - poet, sage, seer, wise man; name of a specific sage

Root: kū

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

वारुणाः (vāruṇāḥ) - descendants of Varuṇa (belonging to Varuṇa, descendants of Varuṇa)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāruṇa

vāruṇa - relating to Varuṇa, a descendant of Varuṇa

From Varuṇa + aṇ (descendant suffix)

Note: Used as a noun here, referring to 'the Vāruṇas'.

ते (te) - they (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

अपि (api) - also (also, even)

(indeclinable)

Particle

उदाहृताः (udāhṛtāḥ) - declared to be (declared, said, stated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udāhṛta

udāhṛta - declared, stated, mentioned, cited

Past Passive Participle

From ud-ā-hṛ (to say, declare) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective here.

अष्टौ (aṣṭau) - eight

(numeral)

Note: Used as a nominative plural referring to the sons.

प्रसवजैः (prasavajaiḥ) - by innate (qualities from their birth) (by those born, by those originated from birth)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prasavaja

prasavaja - born from birth, innate, congenital

Compound type : tatpurusha (prasava+ja)

• prasava – birth, production, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-sū (to bring forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sū
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'guṇaiḥ' implicitly.

युक्ताः (yuktāḥ) - endowed with (endowed with, connected, joined)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

From yuj (to join) + kta (past passive participle suffix)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ' (or implied 'te' with 'aṣṭau').

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by good qualities (by qualities, by attributes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue, merit, string

Note: Used with 'yuktāḥ' (endowed with qualities).

ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - knowers of the supreme reality (brahman) (knowers of Brahman, those who know the supreme reality)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knower of Brahman, one who knows the supreme reality

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+vid)

• brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word, Veda
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh
• vid – knowing, one who knows
  adjective (masculine)
  From vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ'.

शुभाः (śubhāḥ) - auspicious (auspicious, shining, beautiful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putrāḥ'.