महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-85, verse-22

रौद्रं लोहितमित्याहुर्लोहितात्कनकं स्मृतम् ।
तन्मैत्रमिति विज्ञेयं धूमाच्च वसवः स्मृताः ॥२२॥

22. raudraṁ lohitamityāhurlohitātkanakaṁ smṛtam ,
tanmaitramiti vijñeyaṁ dhūmācca vasavaḥ smṛtāḥ.

22. raudram lohitam iti āhuḥ lohitāt kanakam smṛtam
tat maitram iti vijñeyam dhūmāt ca vasavaḥ smṛtāḥ

22. āhuḥ raudram lohitam iti kanakam lohitāt smṛtam
tat maitram iti vijñeyam ca dhūmāt vasavaḥ smṛtāḥ

22. They say that which is fierce (or pertaining to Rudra) is copper. Gold is traditionally derived from copper. That (gold) should be known as benign (or pertaining to Mitra). And from smoke, the Vasus are traditionally considered to arise.

Words meanings summery:

• रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce, or pertaining to Rudra (fierce, terrible, pertaining to Rudra, dreadful)

• लोहितम् (lohitam) - copper, or red substance (red, reddish, copper, blood, a name of Mars)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (thus, in this manner, so, such, a particle introducing quotations or indicating conclusion)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say (they say, they declare)

• लोहितात् (lohitāt) - from copper (from copper, from red, from blood)

• कनकम् (kanakam) - gold (gold, gold dust, Datura plant)

• स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - traditionally considered, or derived (remembered, recollected, traditional, taught in sacred texts)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to gold, or the previous statement) (that, it, this, referring to something previously mentioned)

• मैत्रम् (maitram) - benign, or friendly (friendly, benevolent, pertaining to Mitra, a friend, a sacrificial vessel)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (thus, in this manner, so, such, a particle introducing quotations or indicating conclusion)

• विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - to be known, or understood (to be known, to be understood, intelligible)

• धूमात् (dhūmāt) - from smoke (from smoke, from vapor)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (the Vasus (a class of eight Vedic deities), wealthy ones, good ones)

• स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - traditionally considered, or arisen (remembered, recollected, traditional, taught in sacred texts)

Words meanings and morphology

रौद्रम् (raudram) - fierce, or pertaining to Rudra (fierce, terrible, pertaining to Rudra, dreadful)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful, pertaining to Rudra, a child of Rudra

Derived from Rudra (a deity)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied noun, likely 'that which is'.

लोहितम् (lohitam) - copper, or red substance (red, reddish, copper, blood, a name of Mars)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of lohita

lohita - red, reddish, copper, blood, a specific disease

Note: Can function as a noun (neuter) meaning copper or blood. Here used substantively.

इति (iti) - thus, so (thus, in this manner, so, such, a particle introducing quotations or indicating conclusion)

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vac

Prefix: ā

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root vac (to speak) with prefix ā.

लोहितात् (lohitāt) - from copper (from copper, from red, from blood)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of lohita

lohita - red, reddish, copper, blood

कनकम् (kanakam) - gold (gold, gold dust, Datura plant)

(noun)

neuter, singular of kanaka

kanaka - gold, gold dust, the Datura plant

स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - traditionally considered, or derived (remembered, recollected, traditional, taught in sacred texts)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, known, traditional, prescribed in sacred tradition (smṛti)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root smṛ (to remember)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'is'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to gold, or the previous statement) (that, it, this, referring to something previously mentioned)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

मैत्रम् (maitram) - benign, or friendly (friendly, benevolent, pertaining to Mitra, a friend, a sacrificial vessel)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of maitra

maitra - friendly, benevolent, pertaining to Mitra (a Vedic deity of friendship and covenants), a friend

Derived from Mitra (friend/deity)

Note: Adjective modifying an implied noun (e.g., 'that').

इति (iti) - thus, so (thus, in this manner, so, such, a particle introducing quotations or indicating conclusion)

(indeclinable)

विज्ञेयम् (vijñeyam) - to be known, or understood (to be known, to be understood, intelligible)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of vijñeya

vijñeya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible

Gerundive (future passive participle)

Derived from root jñā (to know) with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective.

धूमात् (dhūmāt) - from smoke (from smoke, from vapor)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dhūma

dhūma - smoke, vapor, mist

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

वसवः (vasavaḥ) - the Vasus (the Vasus (a class of eight Vedic deities), wealthy ones, good ones)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vasu

vasu - good, excellent, wealth, treasure, a class of deities (the Vasus)

स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - traditionally considered, or arisen (remembered, recollected, traditional, taught in sacred texts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, known, traditional, prescribed in sacred tradition (smṛti)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root smṛ (to remember)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'are'.