महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-85, verse-49

देवपक्षधराः सौम्याः प्राजापत्या महर्षयः ।
आप्नुवन्ति तपश्चैव ब्रह्मचर्यं परं तथा ॥४९॥

49. devapakṣadharāḥ saumyāḥ prājāpatyā maharṣayaḥ ,
āpnuvanti tapaścaiva brahmacaryaṁ paraṁ tathā.

49. devapakṣadharāḥ saumyāḥ prājāpatyāḥ maharṣayaḥ
āpnuvanti tapaḥ ca eva brahmacaryam param tathā

49. devapakṣadharāḥ saumyāḥ prājāpatyāḥ maharṣayaḥ
param tapaḥ ca eva tathā brahmacaryam āpnuvanti

49. The great sages, who uphold the side of the gods, are gentle, and are descendants of Prajāpati, indeed attain supreme austerity (tapas) and the highest student life (brahmacarya).

Words meanings summery:

• देवपक्षधराः (devapakṣadharāḥ) - supporters of the gods, taking the side of the gods

• सौम्याः (saumyāḥ) - gentle, benevolent, pleasing, tranquil

• प्राजापत्याः (prājāpatyāḥ) - descendants of Prajāpati, related to Prajāpati

• महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great sages

• आप्नुवन्ति (āpnuvanti) - they attain, they reach

• तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (austerity, penance, heat)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - emphasis (indeed, only, just)

• ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - disciplined conduct and celibacy, often associated with spiritual study (student life, celibacy, conduct leading to (brahman))

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, also, and

Words meanings and morphology

देवपक्षधराः (devapakṣadharāḥ) - supporters of the gods, taking the side of the gods

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devapakṣadhara

devapakṣadhara - one who holds the side of the gods, supporter of the gods

Compound of deva, pakṣa, and dhara

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+pakṣa+dhara)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣa – side, wing, party
  noun (masculine)
• dhara – holding, bearing, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -a from root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agreement with maharṣayaḥ

सौम्याः (saumyāḥ) - gentle, benevolent, pleasing, tranquil

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saumya

saumya - relating to Soma or the Moon; gentle, mild, benevolent

Derived from Soma

Note: Agreement with maharṣayaḥ

प्राजापत्याः (prājāpatyāḥ) - descendants of Prajāpati, related to Prajāpati

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prājāpatya

prājāpatya - relating to Prajāpati, a descendant of Prajāpati

Derived from Prajāpati

Note: Agreement with maharṣayaḥ

महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound of mahā (great) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb āpnuvanti

आप्नुवन्ति (āpnuvanti) - they attain, they reach

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of āp

Root: āp (class 5)

तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual austerity (austerity, penance, heat)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

Note: Object of āpnuvanti

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasis (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मचर्यम् (brahmacaryam) - disciplined conduct and celibacy, often associated with spiritual study (student life, celibacy, conduct leading to (brahman))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - student life, religious studentship, celibacy, conduct becoming a student of sacred knowledge or the (brahman)

Compound of brahman and carya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – Vedic text, sacred word, the Absolute, ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, practice, course
  noun (neuter)
  From root car (to move, conduct)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of āpnuvanti

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, ultimate

Note: Qualifies tapaḥ and brahmacaryam

तथा (tathā) - similarly, also, and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects brahmacarya to tapaḥ