महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-69, verse-68

धर्मश्चार्थश्च कामश्च सेवितव्योऽथ कालतः ।
धर्मेण हि महीपालश्चिरं पालयते महीम् ॥६८॥

68. dharmaścārthaśca kāmaśca sevitavyo'tha kālataḥ ,
dharmeṇa hi mahīpālaściraṁ pālayate mahīm.

68. dharmaḥ ca arthaḥ ca kāmaḥ ca sevitavyaḥ atha
kālataḥ dharmeṇa hi mahīpālaḥ ciram pālayate mahīm

68. The three pursuits of life—righteous conduct (dharma), material prosperity (artha), and legitimate desires (kāma)—should be cultivated according to the proper time. Indeed, O protector of the earth, it is through righteous conduct (dharma) that one governs the land for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteous conduct, duty, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature

• च (ca) - and, also

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - material prosperity, wealth, purpose, meaning

• च (ca) - and, also

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - legitimate desires, pleasure, love

• च (ca) - and, also

• सेवितव्यः (sevitavyaḥ) - to be practiced, to be cultivated, to be served

• अथ (atha) - now, then, and, also

• कालतः (kālataḥ) - according to time, from time

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by upholding dharma (natural law) (by means of righteous conduct, through natural law (dharma))

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - O king (protector of the earth, king)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• पालयते (pālayate) - he protects, he governs

• महीम् (mahīm) - the earth

Words meanings and morphology

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteous conduct, duty, natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, justice, virtue, religious merit, natural law, intrinsic nature

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Part of the first trivarga (dharma, artha, kāma).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - material prosperity, wealth, purpose, meaning

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, property, material prosperity, object

Note: Part of the first trivarga.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कामः (kāmaḥ) - legitimate desires, pleasure, love

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, sensual pleasure, love

Derived from root kam (to desire).

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Part of the first trivarga.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सेवितव्यः (sevitavyaḥ) - to be practiced, to be cultivated, to be served

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sevitavya

sevitavya - to be served, to be attended, to be frequented, to be cultivated, to be practiced

Gerundive

Derived from root sev (to serve, to practice) with suffix -tavya.

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Qualifies dharma, artha, kāma.

अथ (atha) - now, then, and, also

(indeclinable)

कालतः (kālataḥ) - according to time, from time

(indeclinable)

Formed from kāla (time) with suffix -taḥ (ablative sense).

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - by upholding dharma (natural law) (by means of righteous conduct, through natural law (dharma))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, justice, virtue, religious merit, natural law, intrinsic nature

Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates means.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - O king (protector of the earth, king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - protector of the earth, king

Compound type : Tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Addressing a king.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

पालयते (pālayate) - he protects, he governs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pāl

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Ātmanepada. Denominative from pāla.

Root: pāl (class 10)

महीम् (mahīm) - the earth

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land

Note: Object of 'pālayate'.