महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-69, verse-4

आत्मा जेयः सदा राज्ञा ततो जेयाश्च शत्रवः ।
अजितात्मा नरपतिर्विजयेत कथं रिपून् ॥४॥

4. ātmā jeyaḥ sadā rājñā tato jeyāśca śatravaḥ ,
ajitātmā narapatirvijayeta kathaṁ ripūn.

4. ātmā jeyaḥ sadā rājñā tataḥ jeyāḥ ca śatravaḥ
ajitātmā narapatiḥ vijayeta katham ripūn

4. rājñā ātmā sadā jeyaḥ tataḥ ca śatravaḥ jeyāḥ
ajitātmā narapatiḥ katham ripūn vijayeta

4. A king should always conquer his own self (ātman); only then should he conquer his enemies. How can a ruler, whose self (ātman) remains unconquered, possibly overcome his adversaries?

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मा (ātmā) - one's own inner self or being (self, soul, spirit)

• जेयः (jeyaḥ) - should be conquered (to be conquered, conquerable)

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• ततः (tataḥ) - only then, subsequently (then, thereafter, from that)

• जेयाः (jeyāḥ) - should be conquered (to be conquered, conquerable)

• च (ca) - and

• शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies, foes

• अजितात्मा (ajitātmā) - a person who has not mastered his own inner being (one whose self (ātman) is unconquered)

• नरपतिः (narapatiḥ) - lord of men, king, ruler

• विजयेत (vijayeta) - how can he possibly conquer (may conquer, should conquer)

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies, adversaries

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मा (ātmā) - one's own inner self or being (self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

जेयः (jeyaḥ) - should be conquered (to be conquered, conquerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jeya

jeya - to be conquered, conquerable, vincible

Gerundive

Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

ततः (tataḥ) - only then, subsequently (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

जेयाः (jeyāḥ) - should be conquered (to be conquered, conquerable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jeya

jeya - to be conquered, conquerable, vincible

Gerundive

Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer)

Root: ji (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शत्रवः (śatravaḥ) - enemies, foes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

अजितात्मा (ajitātmā) - a person who has not mastered his own inner being (one whose self (ātman) is unconquered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajitātman

ajitātman - one whose self (ātman) is not subdued, unconquered self

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jita+ātman)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• jita – conquered, subdued, vanquished (PPP of ji)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

नरपतिः (narapatiḥ) - lord of men, king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pati)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

विजयेत (vijayeta) - how can he possibly conquer (may conquer, should conquer)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vi-ji

Optative (Liṅ)

Derived from prefix 'vi' and root 'ji' (to conquer), 3rd person singular optative active

Prefix: vi

Root: ji (class 1)

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies, adversaries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe, adversary