महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-69, verse-18

यो नोपकर्तुं शक्नोति नापकर्तुं महीपतिः ।
अशक्यरूपश्चोद्धर्तुमुपेक्ष्यस्तादृशो भवेत् ॥१८॥

18. yo nopakartuṁ śaknoti nāpakartuṁ mahīpatiḥ ,
aśakyarūpaścoddhartumupekṣyastādṛśo bhavet.

18. yaḥ na upakartum śaknoti na apakartum mahīpatiḥ
aśakyarūpaḥ ca uddhartum upekṣyaḥ tādr̥śaḥ bhavet

18. yaḥ mahīpatiḥ na upakartum śaknoti na apakartum
ca uddhartum aśakyarūpaḥ tādr̥śaḥ upekṣyaḥ bhavet

18. A king who is neither able to help nor to harm, and who is in a condition that cannot be restored, such an individual should be disregarded.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which (singular))

• न (na) - neither (not, no)

• उपकर्तुम् (upakartum) - to help (to help, to assist, to benefit)

• शक्नोति (śaknoti) - is able (is able, can)

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• अपकर्तुम् (apakartum) - to harm (to harm, to injure, to do wrong)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - a king (referring to the subject 'yaḥ') (king, lord of the earth)

• अशक्यरूपः (aśakyarūpaḥ) - in a condition that cannot be restored, impossible to revive (having an impossible form, of an impossible nature, incapable of being done)

• च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

• उद्धर्तुम् (uddhartum) - to revive, to restore (to uplift, to rescue, to restore, to take out)

• उपेक्ष्यः (upekṣyaḥ) - should be disregarded, neglected (to be disregarded, to be neglected, to be ignored)

• ताद्र्̥शः (tādr̥śaḥ) - such an individual, such a one (such a one, of such a kind)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (should be, may be, would be)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which (singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Relative pronoun.

न (na) - neither (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negative particle.

उपकर्तुम् (upakartum) - to help (to help, to assist, to benefit)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From `upa` + `kṛ` (to do) + `tumun` suffix.

Prefix: upa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Infinitive of purpose/ability.

शक्नोति (śaknoti) - is able (is able, can)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present tense, active voice

Root `śak` (class 5), present third person singular active.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Verb of ability.

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle, repeating for emphasis/alternative.

Note: Negative particle.

अपकर्तुम् (apakartum) - to harm (to harm, to injure, to do wrong)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From `apa` + `kṛ` (to do) + `tumun` suffix.

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Infinitive, parallel to `upakartum`.

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - a king (referring to the subject 'yaḥ') (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth, ruler

From `mahī` (earth) + `pati` (master, lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, owner, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root `pā` (to protect).
  Root: pā

Note: Subject.

अशक्यरूपः (aśakyarūpaḥ) - in a condition that cannot be restored, impossible to revive (having an impossible form, of an impossible nature, incapable of being done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśakyarūpa

aśakyarūpa - having an impossible form, of an impossible nature, impossible to effect, incapable of being done

From `a` (not) + `śakya` (possible) + `rūpa` (form, nature).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+śakya+rūpa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• śakya – possible, capable, practicable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root `śak` (to be able) + `ya` suffix.
  Root: śak (class 5)
• rūpa – form, shape, nature, aspect
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for the implied subject (`yaḥ mahīpatiḥ`).

च (ca) - and, moreover (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Conjunction.

उद्धर्तुम् (uddhartum) - to revive, to restore (to uplift, to rescue, to restore, to take out)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From `ud` + `dhṛ` (to hold, support) + `tumun` suffix.

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Infinitive, used with `aśakyarūpaḥ`.

उपेक्ष्यः (upekṣyaḥ) - should be disregarded, neglected (to be disregarded, to be neglected, to be ignored)

(participle (adjective))

Note: Gerundive indicating obligation.

ताद्र्̥शः (tādr̥śaḥ) - such an individual, such a one (such a one, of such a kind)

(pronoun (adjective))

Note: Correlative to `yaḥ`.

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (should be, may be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, active voice

Root `bhū` (class 1), optative third person singular active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb.