महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-69, verse-44

काष्ठानि चाभिहार्याणि तथा कूपांश्च खानयेत् ।
संशोधयेत्तथा कूपान्कृतान्पूर्वं पयोर्थिभिः ॥४४॥

44. kāṣṭhāni cābhihāryāṇi tathā kūpāṁśca khānayet ,
saṁśodhayettathā kūpānkṛtānpūrvaṁ payorthibhiḥ.

44. kāṣṭhāni ca abhihāryāṇi tathā kūpān ca khānayet |
saṃśodhayet tathā kūpān kṛtān pūrvaṃ payaḥarthibhiḥ

44. (saḥ) ca kāṣṭhāni abhihāryāṇi tathā ca kūpān khānayet
tathā pūrvaṃ payaḥarthibhiḥ kṛtān kūpān saṃśodhayet

44. And he should also cause wood to be brought, and similarly, he should dig wells. He should also clean the wells that were dug previously by those seeking water.

Words meanings summery:

• काष्ठानि (kāṣṭhāni) - woods, timbers, pieces of wood

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभिहार्याणि (abhihāryāṇi) - to be brought, to be fetched, to be supplied

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

• कूपान् (kūpān) - wells

• च (ca) - and, also

• खानयेत् (khānayet) - should cause to be dug, should dig

• संशोधयेत् (saṁśodhayet) - should clean/clear out (should clean, should purify, should examine, should correct)

• तथा (tathā) - also, similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

• कूपान् (kūpān) - wells

• कृतान् (kṛtān) - dug, constructed (made, done, built, constructed)

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

• पयःअर्थिभिः (payaḥarthibhiḥ) - by those seeking water (by those desirous of water, by seekers of milk/water)

Words meanings and morphology

काष्ठानि (kāṣṭhāni) - woods, timbers, pieces of wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, log, timber, stick

Note: Object of implied verb 'cause to be brought' (from `abhihāryāṇi`).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभिहार्याणि (abhihāryāṇi) - to be brought, to be fetched, to be supplied

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of abhihārya

abhihārya - to be fetched, to be brought, to be carried, to be supplied

Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)

Gerundive from root √hṛ 'to carry' with prefix abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Can be considered nominative, as the gerundive functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'wood *should be* brought'. Or, it could be seen as accusative, agreeing with the object `kāṣṭhāni` which is the direct object of an implied verb 'cause to be done'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

कूपान् (kūpān) - wells

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kūpa

kūpa - well, pit

Note: Object of `khānayet`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

खानयेत् (khānayet) - should cause to be dug, should dig

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of khan

causative

root √khan (1P) in causative stem (khānay-)

Root: khan (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied (king/ruler).

संशोधयेत् (saṁśodhayet) - should clean/clear out (should clean, should purify, should examine, should correct)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of śudh

causative

root √śudh (4P) with prefix saṃ in causative stem (śodhay-)

Prefix: sam

Root: śudh (class 4)

Note: Subject is implied (king/ruler).

तथा (tathā) - also, similarly (so, thus, in that manner, similarly)

(indeclinable)

कूपान् (kūpān) - wells

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kūpa

kūpa - well, pit

Note: Object of `saṃśodhayet`.

कृतान् (kṛtān) - dug, constructed (made, done, built, constructed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, constructed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle from root √kṛ 'to do, make'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies `kūpān`.

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative.

पयःअर्थिभिः (payaḥarthibhiḥ) - by those seeking water (by those desirous of water, by seekers of milk/water)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of payaḥarthi

payaḥarthi - seeker of water/milk

Compound type : tatpurusha (payas+arthin)

• payas – water, milk
  noun (neuter)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, petitioner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive participle `kṛtān`.