महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-258, verse-75

उपास्य बहुलास्तस्मिन्नाश्रमे सुमहातपाः ।
समाः स्वर्गं गतो विप्रः पुत्रेण सहितस्तदा ॥७५॥

75. upāsya bahulāstasminnāśrame sumahātapāḥ ,
samāḥ svargaṁ gato vipraḥ putreṇa sahitastadā.

75. upāsya bahulāḥ tasmin āśrame sumahātapāḥ samāḥ
svargaṃ gataḥ vipraḥ putreṇa sahitaḥ tadā

75. vipraḥ sumahātapāḥ tasmin āśrame bahulāḥ samāḥ
upāsya putreṇa sahitaḥ tadā svargaṃ gataḥ

75. That Brahmin, who had performed great austerities (tapas), after staying for many years in that hermitage, then ascended to heaven accompanied by his son.

Words meanings summery:

• उपास्य (upāsya) - having stayed (in the hermitage) (having served, having worshipped, having observed, having stayed near)

• बहुलाः (bahulāḥ) - many (years) (many, abundant, numerous)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (hermitage) (in that, on that)

• आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage (in the hermitage, in the refuge, in the dwelling)

• सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - one who had performed great austerities (tapas) (one of great austerities, having great heat/energy)

• समाः (samāḥ) - (for many) years (years, seasons, equal)

• स्वर्गं (svargaṁ) - heaven (heaven, celestial abode)

• गतः (gataḥ) - ascended, went (to heaven) (gone, attained, reached)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin (Brahmin, sage, inspired one)

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - with his son (by the son, with the son)

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied (by his son) (accompanied, together with, connected)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

उपास्य (upāsya) - having stayed (in the hermitage) (having served, having worshipped, having observed, having stayed near)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from prefix upa + root √ās (to sit, to dwell) + suffix -ya

Prefix: upa

Root: √ās (class 2)

बहुलाः (bahulāḥ) - many (years) (many, abundant, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahula

bahula - abundant, numerous, plentiful

Note: Agrees with 'samāḥ' (years, masculine plural nominative).

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (hermitage) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'āśrame'.

आश्रमे (āśrame) - in the hermitage (in the hermitage, in the refuge, in the dwelling)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, abode, stage of life, refuge

From root √śram (to toil) with prefix ā-

Root: √śram (class 4)

Note: Refers to a dwelling for ascetics.

सुमहातपाः (sumahātapāḥ) - one who had performed great austerities (tapas) (one of great austerities, having great heat/energy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahātapas

sumahātapas - having great austerities, very ascetic

Compound adjective

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (su+mahā+tapas)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix.
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  From mahat (great)
• tapas – austerity, heat, penance, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  From root √tap (to heat, to burn)
  Root: √tap (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Brahmin (vipraḥ).

समाः (samāḥ) - (for many) years (years, seasons, equal)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samā

samā - year, season

Note: Often used in the plural as a period of time.

स्वर्गं (svargaṁ) - heaven (heaven, celestial abode)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, paradise, celestial world

Note: Object of 'gataḥ' (went to).

गतः (gataḥ) - ascended, went (to heaven) (gone, attained, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, understood

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √gam (to go) + suffix -ta

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vipraḥ'.

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - the Brahmin (Brahmin, sage, inspired one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired one, sage, learned man

From root √vip (to tremble, to vibrate, to inspire)

Root: √vip (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - with his son (by the son, with the son)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Denotes accompaniment ('sahitaḥ putreṇa' - accompanied by his son).

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied (by his son) (accompanied, together with, connected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, connected, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sa- (with) + root √dhā (to place) -> hita (placed)

Prefix: sa

Root: √dhā (class 3)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

From pronoun tad + suffix -dā (temporal)