महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-258, verse-37

स्त्रिया हि परमो भर्ता दैवतं परमं स्मृतम् ।
तस्यात्मना तु सदृशमात्मानं परमं ददौ ।
सर्वकार्यापराध्यत्वान्नापराध्यन्ति चाङ्गनाः ॥३७॥

37. striyā hi paramo bhartā daivataṁ paramaṁ smṛtam ,
tasyātmanā tu sadṛśamātmānaṁ paramaṁ dadau ,
sarvakāryāparādhyatvānnāparādhyanti cāṅganāḥ.

37. striyā hi paramaḥ bhartā daivatam
paramam smṛtam tasya ātmanā tu sadṛśam
ātmānam paramam dadau sarvakāryāparādhyatvāt
na aparādhyanti ca aṅganāḥ

37. striyā hi bhartā paramaḥ paramam
daivatam smṛtam tasya tu ātmanā sadṛśam
paramam ātmānam dadau sarvakāryāparādhyatvāt
ca aṅganāḥ na aparādhyanti

37. Indeed, for a woman, the husband is remembered as the supreme lord and the highest deity. To him, she offered her own supreme self (ātman), making it similar to his (divine nature). Therefore, even though women may be prone to committing faults in all actions, they do not truly transgress.

Words meanings summery:

• स्त्रिया (striyā) - for a woman (for a woman, of a woman, by a woman)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, most excellent

• भर्ता (bhartā) - husband, lord (husband, maintainer, lord, supporter)

• दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divinity, godhead

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, most excellent

• स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is considered, is remembered (remembered, considered, traditionally known)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (to him, of him, his)

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by her own self (by the self, with the self, by oneself)

• तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (but, on the other hand, indeed, moreover)

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, equivalent (similar, like, resembling)

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - her own self (self, soul, spirit)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, most excellent

• ददौ (dadau) - she offered/dedicated (she gave, offered)

• सर्वकार्यापराध्यत्वात् (sarvakāryāparādhyatvāt) - because of being prone to committing faults in all actions (due to the state of being prone to fault in all actions)

• न (na) - not, no

• अपराध्यन्ति (aparādhyanti) - they truly transgress/offend (they offend, they err, they transgress)

• च (ca) - therefore, and (and, also)

• अङ्गनाः (aṅganāḥ) - women, females

Words meanings and morphology

स्त्रिया (striyā) - for a woman (for a woman, of a woman, by a woman)

(noun)

feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Note: Used here in a dative sense.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

परमः (paramaḥ) - supreme, highest, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent, ultimate

Note: Modifies 'bhartā'.

भर्ता (bhartā) - husband, lord (husband, maintainer, lord, supporter)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, supporter, maintainer, lord, master

Agent noun from √bhṛ

Agent noun suffix -tṛ.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divinity, godhead

(noun)

neuter, singular of daivata

daivata - deity, divinity, object of worship

Derived from 'deva' (god).

Note: Here functions as a predicate nominative with 'smṛtam'.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, most excellent

(adjective)

neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent, ultimate

Note: Modifies 'daivatam'.

स्मृतम् (smṛtam) - is considered, is remembered (remembered, considered, traditionally known)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, known by tradition

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - to him (to him, of him, his)

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here in a dative sense.

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by her own self (by the self, with the self, by oneself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, breath, mind, spirit

Root: an (class 2)

तु (tu) - indeed, moreover (but, on the other hand, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, equivalent (similar, like, resembling)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling, equal

From 'sa' (with) + 'dṛś' (seeing).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dṛś)

• sa – with, accompanied by, having
  indeclinable
• dṛś – seeing, appearing, resembling
  noun (feminine)
  From root √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - her own self (self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, breath, mind, spirit

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of 'dadau'.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, most excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, utmost, excellent, ultimate

Note: Modifies 'ātmānam'.

ददौ (dadau) - she offered/dedicated (she gave, offered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Reduplicated perfect form of √dā (3rd class).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Implied subject is 'strī'.

सर्वकार्यापराध्यत्वात् (sarvakāryāparādhyatvāt) - because of being prone to committing faults in all actions (due to the state of being prone to fault in all actions)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sarvakāryāparādhyatva

sarvakāryāparādhyatva - the state of being susceptible to fault in all actions, propensity to error in all deeds

Derived from 'sarvakāryāparādhya' (prone to fault in all actions) + suffix '-tva' (state of being).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarvakārya+aparādhyatva)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• kārya – action, deed, duty, to be done
  noun/gerundive (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root √kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• aparādhyatva – state of being prone to fault/offense
  noun (neuter)
  From 'aparādhyat' (prone to fault) + suffix '-tva'.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: rādh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अपराध्यन्ति (aparādhyanti) - they truly transgress/offend (they offend, they err, they transgress)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of aparādh

Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Derived from √rādh (4th class) with upasarga 'apa-'. 4th class verbs add -ya- before endings.

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'aṅganāḥ'.

च (ca) - therefore, and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अङ्गनाः (aṅganāḥ) - women, females

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of aṅganā

aṅganā - woman, female

Note: Subject of 'aparādhyanti'.