महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-258, verse-72

चिरं वृद्धानुपासीत चिरमन्वास्य पूजयेत् ।
चिरं धर्मान्निषेवेत कुर्याच्चान्वेषणं चिरम् ॥७२॥

72. ciraṁ vṛddhānupāsīta ciramanvāsya pūjayet ,
ciraṁ dharmānniṣeveta kuryāccānveṣaṇaṁ ciram.

72. ciram vṛddhān upāsīta ciram anvāsya pūjayet
ciram dharmān niṣeveta kuryāt ca anveṣaṇam ciram

72. ciram vṛddhān upāsīta ciram anvāsya pūjayet
ciram dharmān niṣeveta ciram ca anveṣaṇam kuryāt

72. One should serve elders for a long time; having attended to them for a long time, one should honor them. One should practice the natural laws (dharma) for a long time, and diligently pursue inquiry for a long time.

Words meanings summery:

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders (old ones, elders, wise ones, grown up)

• उपासीत (upāsīta) - one should serve or attend upon (one should serve, attend, worship, honor)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

• अन्वास्य (anvāsya) - having attended upon (having sat near, having attended upon, having followed)

• पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - one should honor (one should honor, worship, revere)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - natural laws (dharma) (duties, natural laws, virtues, justice, constitution (dharma))

• निषेवेत (niṣeveta) - one should practice/cultivate (one should practice, pursue, resort to, cultivate, serve)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do/pursue (one should do, make, perform)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अन्वेषणम् (anveṣaṇam) - inquiry, investigation (investigation, inquiry, search, pursuit)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

Words meanings and morphology

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

(indeclinable)

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - elders (old ones, elders, wise ones, grown up)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, increased, wise, respected

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛdh (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun here, referring to 'elders'.

उपासीत (upāsīta) - one should serve or attend upon (one should serve, attend, worship, honor)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of ās

optative

root ās (class 2, ātmanepada) with prefix upa, 3rd person singular optative

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Expresses a command or strong recommendation.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

(indeclinable)

अन्वास्य (anvāsya) - having attended upon (having sat near, having attended upon, having followed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

root ās (to sit) with prefixes anu and ā, forming an absolutive

Prefixes: anu+ā

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Connects to the action of pūjayet.

पूजयेत् (pūjayet) - one should honor (one should honor, worship, revere)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pūj

optative

root pūj (class 10, parasmaipada), 3rd person singular optative

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Expresses a command or strong recommendation.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

(indeclinable)

धर्मान् (dharmān) - natural laws (dharma) (duties, natural laws, virtues, justice, constitution (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness, religion, intrinsic nature (dharma)

from root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of niṣeveta.

निषेवेत (niṣeveta) - one should practice/cultivate (one should practice, pursue, resort to, cultivate, serve)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of sev

optative

root sev (class 1, ātmanepada) with prefix ni, 3rd person singular optative

Prefix: ni

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Expresses a command or strong recommendation.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - one should do/pursue (one should do, make, perform)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

optative

root kṛ (class 8, parasmaipada), 3rd person singular optative

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses a command or strong recommendation.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अन्वेषणम् (anveṣaṇam) - inquiry, investigation (investigation, inquiry, search, pursuit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anveṣaṇa

anveṣaṇa - investigation, inquiry, search, pursuit

from root iṣ (to seek, desire) with prefixes anu and a

Prefixes: anu+ā

Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Object of kuryāt.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long, permanently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial modifier for anveṣaṇam kuryāt.