महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-258, verse-34

पाणिबन्धं स्वयं कृत्वा सहधर्ममुपेत्य च ।
यदि याप्यन्ति पुरुषाः स्त्रियो नार्हन्ति याप्यताम् ॥३४॥

34. pāṇibandhaṁ svayaṁ kṛtvā sahadharmamupetya ca ,
yadi yāpyanti puruṣāḥ striyo nārhanti yāpyatām.

34. pāṇibandham svayam kṛtvā sahadharmam upetya ca
yadi yāpyanti puruṣāḥ striyaḥ na arhanti yāpyatām

34. yadi puruṣāḥ svayam pāṇibandham kṛtvā ca sahadharmam
upetya striyaḥ yāpyanti striyaḥ na arhanti yāpyatām

34. If men, having themselves performed the wedding rite (pāṇibandha) and having entered into the common marital duty (dharma), subsequently abandon (yāpayanti) their wives, those women do not deserve such abandonment (yāpyatā).

Words meanings summery:

• पाणिबन्धम् (pāṇibandham) - wedding rite, marriage (hand-binding, marriage ceremony)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - themselves (referring to 'puruṣāḥ') (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having made, having performed)

• सहधर्मम् (sahadharmam) - common marital duty (dharma) (common duty, co-observance of dharma, sharing of duties)

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having entered into, having undertaken (having approached, having obtained, having gone to)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• याप्यन्ति (yāpyanti) - they abandon, they neglect (they cause to go, they cause to be neglected, they abandon, they cause to pass away)

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, husbands (men, males, persons, the Supreme Being (puruṣa))

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - wives (as the object of abandonment) (women, wives)

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve (negatively, i.e., do not deserve) (they deserve, they are worthy, they are able)

• याप्यताम् (yāpyatām) - such abandonment, neglect (abandonment, neglect, state of being neglected)

Words meanings and morphology

पाणिबन्धम् (pāṇibandham) - wedding rite, marriage (hand-binding, marriage ceremony)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāṇibandha

pāṇibandha - hand-binding (a marriage rite), marriage

Compound noun: pāṇi (hand) + bandha (tying, binding).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇi+bandha)

• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)
• bandha – tying, binding, bond, knot
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  Derived from root bandh (to bind).
  Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - themselves (referring to 'puruṣāḥ') (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that men themselves performed the action.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having performed (having done, having made, having performed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सहधर्मम् (sahadharmam) - common marital duty (dharma) (common duty, co-observance of dharma, sharing of duties)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahadharma

sahadharma - common duty, co-observance of religious duties, conjugal duty

Compound noun: saha (with) + dharma.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+dharma)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'upetya'.

उपेत्य (upetya) - having entered into, having undertaken (having approached, having obtained, having gone to)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root i (to go) with upasarga upa, with suffix -lyaP (used when a prefix is present).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

याप्यन्ति (yāpyanti) - they abandon, they neglect (they cause to go, they cause to be neglected, they abandon, they cause to pass away)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yāpayati

Causative form of root yā (to go). Present active 3rd person plural.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'puruṣāḥ'.

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - men, husbands (men, males, persons, the Supreme Being (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, human being, the Supreme Being (Puruṣa)

Nominative plural form.

Note: Subject of 'yāpyanti'.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - wives (as the object of abandonment) (women, wives)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

Nominative plural form. Also accusative plural possible here for the object of yāpyanti.

Note: Object of 'yāpyanti'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अर्हन्ति (arhanti) - they deserve (negatively, i.e., do not deserve) (they deserve, they are worthy, they are able)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active 3rd person plural.

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'striyaḥ'.

याप्यताम् (yāpyatām) - such abandonment, neglect (abandonment, neglect, state of being neglected)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of yāpyatā

yāpyatā - state of being neglected/abandoned, being caused to pass away

abstract noun

Derived from the causative stem yāpya (to be neglected) + suffix -tā (feminine abstract noun). Accusative singular form.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'arhanti'.