महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-258, verse-35

भरणाद्धि स्त्रियो भर्ता पात्याच्चैव स्त्रियाः पतिः ।
गुणस्यास्य निवृत्तौ तु न भर्ता न पतिः पतिः ॥३५॥

35. bharaṇāddhi striyo bhartā pātyāccaiva striyāḥ patiḥ ,
guṇasyāsya nivṛttau tu na bhartā na patiḥ patiḥ.

35. bharaṇāt hi striyaḥ bhartā pātyāt ca eva striyāḥ patiḥ
guṇasya asya nivṛttau tu na bhartā na patiḥ patiḥ

35. striyaḥ bharaṇāt hi (saḥ) bhartā;
striyāḥ pātyāt ca eva (saḥ) patiḥ;
asya guṇasya nivṛttau tu (saḥ)
na bhartā na patiḥ na (saḥ) patiḥ

35. A man is called the "supporter" (bhartā) of a woman because he maintains her. And he is called the "protector" (patiḥ) of a woman because he guards her. However, with the cessation of these qualities, he is neither a supporter nor a protector, nor truly a husband.

Words meanings summery:

• भरणात् (bharaṇāt) - from supporting, from maintaining, from bearing

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - of a woman, of a wife

• भर्ता (bhartā) - supporter, maintainer, husband

• पात्यात् (pātyāt) - from protecting, from guarding, from preserving

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

• स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - of a woman, of a wife

• पतिः (patiḥ) - protector (of a woman) (protector, master, lord, husband)

• गुणस्य (guṇasya) - of the quality, of the virtue, of the attribute

• अस्य (asya) - of this (quality) (of this, of him, of it)

• निवृत्तौ (nivṛttau) - on the cessation, on the retirement, on the absence

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• न (na) - not, no

• भर्ता (bhartā) - supporter, maintainer, husband

• न (na) - not, no

• पतिः (patiḥ) - protector (who fulfills the protective function) (protector, master, lord, husband)

• पतिः (patiḥ) - husband (in the fullest sense of the term) (husband, master, lord)

Words meanings and morphology

भरणात् (bharaṇāt) - from supporting, from maintaining, from bearing

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bharaṇa

bharaṇa - supporting, maintaining, bearing, carrying, nourishing

Derived from root `bhṛ` (to bear, support) with suffix `ana`.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - of a woman, of a wife

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

भर्ता (bhartā) - supporter, maintainer, husband

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, maintainer, master, husband

agent noun

From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support) with agent suffix `tṛ`.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

पात्यात् (pātyāt) - from protecting, from guarding, from preserving

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pātya

pātya - protection, guarding, preserving

Gerundive/Nomen actionis

From root `pā` (to protect) + suffix `tya`. Here used as a noun meaning 'protection'.

Root: pā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, truly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

स्त्रियाः (striyāḥ) - of a woman, of a wife

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, wife, female

पतिः (patiḥ) - protector (of a woman) (protector, master, lord, husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, owner, husband, protector

Note: Refers to the protective aspect of the husband's role.

गुणस्य (guṇasya) - of the quality, of the virtue, of the attribute

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, merit, strand, cord

Note: Refers to the qualities of supporting and protecting.

अस्य (asya) - of this (quality) (of this, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

निवृत्तौ (nivṛttau) - on the cessation, on the retirement, on the absence

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nivṛtti

nivṛtti - cessation, withdrawal, absence, return, completion, inactivity

From `nis` + root `vṛt` (to turn, exist) + suffix `ti`.

Prefix: nis

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Adversative particle.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

भर्ता (bhartā) - supporter, maintainer, husband

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - supporter, maintainer, master, husband

agent noun

From root `bhṛ` (to bear, support) with agent suffix `tṛ`.

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

पतिः (patiḥ) - protector (who fulfills the protective function) (protector, master, lord, husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, owner, husband, protector

Note: Here, specifically meaning 'protector' in the context of the definition.

पतिः (patiḥ) - husband (in the fullest sense of the term) (husband, master, lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, owner, husband, protector

Note: Here, specifically meaning 'husband' as the defined status or role.