महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-258, verse-61

बुद्धिश्चासीत्सुतं दृष्ट्वा पितुश्चरणयोर्नतम् ।
शस्त्रग्रहणचापल्यं संवृणोति भयादिति ॥६१॥

61. buddhiścāsītsutaṁ dṛṣṭvā pituścaraṇayornatam ,
śastragrahaṇacāpalyaṁ saṁvṛṇoti bhayāditi.

61. buddhiḥ ca āsīt sutam dṛṣṭvā pituḥ caraṇayoḥ
natam śastragrahaṇacāpalyam saṃvṛṇoti bhayāt iti

61. sutam pituḥ caraṇayoḥ natam dṛṣṭvā buddhiḥ ca āsīt
(ayam) bhayāt śastragrahaṇacāpalyam saṃvṛṇoti iti

61. And having seen the son bowed at the father's feet, the thought (buddhi) arose: 'He conceals his rashness in taking up arms out of fear.'

Words meanings summery:

• बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - the thought or understanding that arose in the father (intellect, understanding, thought, wisdom)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• सुतम् (sutam) - the son being observed (son)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ) - at the father's feet (on/at the two feet)

• नतम् (natam) - bowing in obeisance (bowed, bent, humbled)

• शस्त्रग्रहणचापल्यम् (śastragrahaṇacāpalyam) - the impulsive act of taking up weapons (the fickleness/rashness of taking up arms)

• संवृणोति (saṁvṛṇoti) - the son (implicitly) hides or gives up his rashness (he conceals, he covers, he withdraws)

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a thought or direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

Words meanings and morphology

बुद्धिः (buddhiḥ) - the thought or understanding that arose in the father (intellect, understanding, thought, wisdom)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, discernment, thought, wisdom

From root budh (to know, understand)

Root: budh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Root as, Class 2, Parasmaipada, Laṅ

Root: as (class 2)

सुतम् (sutam) - the son being observed (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, child

From root sū (to bear, bring forth)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of dṛṣṭvā

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) with ktvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Relates to caraṇayoḥ.

चरणयोः (caraṇayoḥ) - at the father's feet (on/at the two feet)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of caraṇa

caraṇa - foot, limb, course, practice

From root car (to move)

Root: car (class 1)

नतम् (natam) - bowing in obeisance (bowed, bent, humbled)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nata

nata - bowed, bent, humbled, respectfully inclined

Past Passive Participle

From root nam (to bow, bend)

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Modifies "sutam".

शस्त्रग्रहणचापल्यम् (śastragrahaṇacāpalyam) - the impulsive act of taking up weapons (the fickleness/rashness of taking up arms)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śastragrahaṇacāpalya

śastragrahaṇacāpalya - the rashness/fickleness of taking up weapons

Compound of śastragrahaṇa (taking up weapons) and cāpalya (fickleness)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śastragrahaṇa+cāpalya)

• śastragrahaṇa – taking up weapons
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of śastra (weapon) and grahaṇa (taking)
• śastra – weapon, sword
  noun (neuter)
  From śas (to cut)
  Root: śas (class 2)
• grahaṇa – taking, seizing, receiving
  noun (neuter)
  From grah (to seize)
  Root: grah (class 9)
• cāpalya – fickleness, restlessness, impulsiveness, unsteadiness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from capala (fickle) with suffix -ya

Note: Object of saṃvṛṇoti.

संवृणोति (saṁvṛṇoti) - the son (implicitly) hides or gives up his rashness (he conceals, he covers, he withdraws)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃvṛ

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Root vṛ (to cover, choose) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject is implicitly "he" (the son).

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

From root bhī (to fear)

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Denotes cause.

इति (iti) - marks the end of a thought or direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)