योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-143, verse-35

व्याध उवाच ।
परतः सुखदुःखार्थं देहः संपद्यते कथम् ।
किमस्य हेतुः के वास्य हेतवः सहकारिणः ॥ ३५ ॥

vyādha uvāca ,
parataḥ sukhaduḥkhārthaṃ dehaḥ saṃpadyate katham ,
kimasya hetuḥ ke vāsya hetavaḥ sahakāriṇaḥ 35

35. vyādhaḥ uvāca | parataḥ sukha-duḥkha-artham dehaḥ saṃpadyate
katham | kim asya hetuḥ ke vā asya hetavaḥ sahakāriṇaḥ ||

35. vyādhaḥ uvāca dehaḥ parataḥ
sukha-duḥkha-artham katham saṃpadyate
asya kim hetuḥ ? vā asya
ke hetavaḥ sahakāriṇaḥ (santi)

35. The hunter said: "How does a body arise in the next life for the purpose of experiencing pleasure and pain? What is its primary cause, and what are its cooperating causes?"

Words meanings summery:

• व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - hunter, fowler

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• परतः (parataḥ) - in the next life (from another place, hereafter, in the next life)

• सुख-दुःख-अर्थम् (sukha-duḥkha-artham) - for the purpose of pleasure and pain

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body

• संपद्यते (saṁpadyate) - arises, comes into being, happens

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अस्य (asya) - of this (body) (of this, its)

• हेतुः (hetuḥ) - primary cause (cause, reason)

• के (ke) - who? what? (plural)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अस्य (asya) - of this (body) (of this, its)

• हेतवः (hetavaḥ) - causes, reasons

• सहकारिणः (sahakāriṇaḥ) - cooperating factors/causes (cooperating factors, assistants)

Words meanings and morphology

व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - hunter, fowler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyādha

vyādha - hunter, fowler, killer

From vi-ā-dhā (to place, apply, shoot).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect active third person singular

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

परतः (parataḥ) - in the next life (from another place, hereafter, in the next life)

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from para (other, beyond) + suffix -tas.

सुख-दुःख-अर्थम् (sukha-duḥkha-artham) - for the purpose of pleasure and pain

(indeclinable)

Compound noun in accusative singular, functioning as an adverb (for the sake of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+duḥkha+artha)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, joy, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of sukha (pleasure) and duḥkha (pain), followed by artha (purpose).

देहः (dehaḥ) - body

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

From root dih (to smear, grow).

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Subject of saṃpadyate.

संपद्यते (saṁpadyate) - arises, comes into being, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pad

present middle third person singular

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice of root pad with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what? who? which? why?

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Predicate nominative to hetuḥ.

अस्य (asya) - of this (body) (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Genitive singular of idam.

हेतुः (hetuḥ) - primary cause (cause, reason)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, means

From root hi (to send, impel).

Root: hi (class 3)

के (ke) - who? what? (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - what? who? which?

Interrogative pronoun, nominative plural masculine.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अस्य (asya) - of this (body) (of this, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Genitive singular of idam.

हेतवः (hetavaḥ) - causes, reasons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hetu

hetu - cause, reason, motive, means

From root hi (to send, impel).

Root: hi (class 3)

Note: Co-predicate with sahakāriṇaḥ.

सहकारिणः (sahakāriṇaḥ) - cooperating factors/causes (cooperating factors, assistants)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahakārin

sahakārin - cooperating, assisting, auxiliary, co-worker, associate

agent noun

Formed from saha (with) + kārin (doing, making, from root kṛ).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (saha+kārin)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Preposition/adverb.
• kārin – doing, making, causing, agent
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun / present active participle suffix
  From root kṛ (to do, make) + suffix -in.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)