योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-143, verse-28

प्रथमं यद्यथा भाति चित्त्वमस्ति तथेह तत् ।
तस्यैव नियतिः कालो देशादीत्यभिधा कृता ॥ २८ ॥

prathamaṃ yadyathā bhāti cittvamasti tatheha tat ,
tasyaiva niyatiḥ kālo deśādītyabhidhā kṛtā 28

28. prathamam yat yathā bhāti cit-tvam asti tathā iha tat
tasya eva niyatiḥ kālaḥ deśaḥ ādi iti abhidhā kṛtā

28. prathamam yat yathā bhāti,
tat cit-tvam iha tathā asti.
tasya eva niyatiḥ kālaḥ deśaḥ ādi iti abhidhā kṛtā.

28. Whatever appears first, in whatever way, that consciousness (cit) exists here in precisely that manner. Its fixed nature is designated as time (kāla), space (deśa), and so forth.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, initially, at first

• यत् (yat) - which, whatever

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in whatever way

• भाति (bhāti) - appears, shines, seems

• चित्-त्वम् (cit-tvam) - consciousness, the state of being consciousness (cit)

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

• नियतिः (niyatiḥ) - fixed nature, destiny, constraint, rule

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time as a fundamental aspect of reality. (time, period, season)

• देशः (deśaḥ) - Space as a fundamental aspect of reality. (space, place, region, country)

• आदि (ādi) - beginning, et cetera, and so on

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

• अभिधा (abhidhā) - designation, name, expression

• कृता (kṛtā) - made, done, performed

Words meanings and morphology

प्रथमम् (prathamam) - first, initially, at first

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prathama

prathama - first, foremost, primary, initial

Note: Functions adverbially as 'first' or 'initially'.

यत् (yat) - which, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

Note: Relative pronoun.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in whatever way

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

भाति (bhāti) - appears, shines, seems

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Present Active

Root 'bhā' (to shine, appear) in present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'yat'.

चित्-त्वम् (cit-tvam) - consciousness, the state of being consciousness (cit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cit-tva

cit-tva - consciousness, the state or nature of pure consciousness (cit)

Compound of 'cit' (consciousness) and 'tva' (abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cit+tva)

• cit – consciousness, knowledge, intelligence, pure awareness
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'cit' (to perceive, know).
  Root: cit (class 1)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, 'nature of'
  suffix (neuter)

Note: The subject of 'asti'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active

Root 'as' (to be) in present tense, active voice, 3rd person singular.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'cit-tvam'.

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that way

(indeclinable)

Note: Correlative adverb to 'yathā'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this case

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Correlative pronoun to 'yat', referring to the appearing entity.

तस्य (tasya) - of that, its

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Refers to 'cit-tvam'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'tasya'.

नियतिः (niyatiḥ) - fixed nature, destiny, constraint, rule

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - fixed nature, destiny, constraint, rule, necessity, fate

From 'ni' (down, in) + root 'yam' (to hold, restrain) with suffix 'ti'.

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time as a fundamental aspect of reality. (time, period, season)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, fate, death

Note: Predicative nominative to 'niyatiḥ'.

देशः (deśaḥ) - Space as a fundamental aspect of reality. (space, place, region, country)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - space, place, region, country, point

Note: Part of the list 'kālaḥ deśaḥ ādi'.

आदि (ādi) - beginning, et cetera, and so on

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to indicate a list is not exhaustive.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a quotation or that the preceding words form a statement/definition.

अभिधा (abhidhā) - designation, name, expression

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of abhidhā

abhidhā - designation, name, expression, statement, primary meaning

From 'abhi' (towards) + root 'dhā' (to place, hold).

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'kṛtā'.

कृता (kṛtā) - made, done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - made, done, performed, finished

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make). Feminine nominative singular form.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Functions as a passive verb 'is made/designated' with 'abhidhā'.

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