योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-143, verse-75

एष चेज्जीवतो धर्मस्तद्देशान्तरगे जने ।
मृत इत्येव बुद्धेऽर्थे कस्मान्नैव प्रवर्तते ॥ ७५ ॥

eṣa cejjīvato dharmastaddeśāntarage jane ,
mṛta ityeva buddhe'rthe kasmānnaiva pravartate 75

75. eṣaḥ cet jīvataḥ dharmaḥ tat deśa-antara-ge jane
mṛtaḥ iti eva buddhe arthe kasmāt na eva pravartate

75. eṣaḥ cet jīvataḥ dharmaḥ [asti],
tat [sati],
deśa-antara-ge jane mṛtaḥ iti eva buddhe arthe kasmāt na eva pravartate

75. If this [idea or characteristic] is considered the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a living being, then why, regarding a person who has gone to another country, does the concept of 'dead' not apply to them in that very same understood sense [of absence leading to non-existence]?

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• चेत् (cet) - if

• जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of a living person, of a living being

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature, characteristic (intrinsic nature, characteristic, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness)

• तत् (tat) - then, therefore, in that case

• देश-अन्तर-गे (deśa-antara-ge) - gone to another country, situated in another country

• जने (jane) - in a person, regarding a person

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote or thought

• एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only, very

• बुद्धे (buddhe) - in the understood, in the perceived, in the known

• अर्थे (arthe) - in the meaning, in the sense, in the purpose

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what reason

• न (na) - not

• एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only, very

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it applies, it occurs, it proceeds, it engages

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

जीवतः (jīvataḥ) - of a living person, of a living being

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive, a living being

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'jīv' (to live), functioning as an adjective.

Root: jīv (class 1)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature, characteristic (intrinsic nature, characteristic, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - intrinsic nature, characteristic, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - then, therefore, in that case

(indeclinable)

देश-अन्तर-गे (deśa-antara-ge) - gone to another country, situated in another country

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of deśāntaraga

deśāntaraga - gone to another country, travelling to another region

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deśāntara+ga)

• deśāntara – another country, foreign land, different region
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, situated in, gone
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from the root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

जने (jane) - in a person, regarding a person

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'mṛ' (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote or thought

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

बुद्धे (buddhe) - in the understood, in the perceived, in the known

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of buddha

buddha - understood, perceived, known, awakened, enlightened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'budh' (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'arthe'.

अर्थे (arthe) - in the meaning, in the sense, in the purpose

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, sense, purpose, object, wealth, affair

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what reason

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - even, indeed, just, only, very

(indeclinable)

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it applies, it occurs, it proceeds, it engages

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of pravṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)