योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-125, verse-43

सुखदुःखादि तस्येति वाग्व्योमविटपोपमा ।
अशोका एव शोचन्ते जीवन्मुक्ता जयान्विताः ॥ ४३ ॥

sukhaduḥkhādi tasyeti vāgvyomaviṭapopamā ,
aśokā eva śocante jīvanmuktā jayānvitāḥ 43

43. sukhaduḥkhādi tasya iti vāk vyomaviṭapopamā
aśokāḥ eva śocante jīvanmuktāḥ jayānvitāḥ

43. tasya sukhaduḥkhādi iti vāk vyomaviṭapopamā.
jayānvitāḥ jīvanmuktāḥ aśokāḥ eva śocante.

43. For such a liberated one, the notions of happiness, sorrow, and so forth are like a tree existing in the sky—mere illusions. The victorious (jīvanmukta), though truly free from sorrow, still appear to grieve.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखदुःखादि (sukhaduḥkhādi) - happiness, sorrow, etc.

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, for him

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• वाक् (vāk) - word, speech, statement

• व्योमविटपोपमा (vyomaviṭapopamā) - comparable to a sky-tree, likeness of a sky-tree

• अशोकाः (aśokāḥ) - free from sorrow, without grief

• एव (eva) - truly, indeed, only

• शोचन्ते (śocante) - they grieve, they sorrow

• जीवन्मुक्ताः (jīvanmuktāḥ) - those liberated while living (jīvanmukta)

• जयान्विताः (jayānvitāḥ) - endowed with victory, victorious

Words meanings and morphology

सुखदुःखादि (sukhaduḥkhādi) - happiness, sorrow, etc.

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukhaduḥkhādi

sukhaduḥkhādi - happiness, sorrow, and so on

Compound of 'sukha' (happiness), 'duḥkha' (sorrow), and 'ādi' (etc.)

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha+ādi)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• ādi – beginning, and so forth, etc.
  noun (masculine)

तस्य (tasya) - of him, for him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

वाक् (vāk) - word, speech, statement

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word, statement

व्योमविटपोपमा (vyomaviṭapopamā) - comparable to a sky-tree, likeness of a sky-tree

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vyomaviṭapopamā

vyomaviṭapopamā - comparison to a sky-tree (a symbol of impossibility or illusion)

Compound of 'vyoman' (sky), 'viṭapa' (tree), and 'upamā' (comparison)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyoman+viṭapa+upamā)

• vyoman – sky, heaven, atmosphere
  noun (neuter)
• viṭapa – tree, branch
  noun (masculine)
• upamā – comparison, simile, analogy
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'mā' (to measure) with prefix 'upa'
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 3)

अशोकाः (aśokāḥ) - free from sorrow, without grief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśoka

aśoka - without sorrow, griefless, cheerful

Negative compound with 'a' (not) and 'śoka' (sorrow)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+śoka)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'śuc' (to grieve, lament)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

एव (eva) - truly, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

शोचन्ते (śocante) - they grieve, they sorrow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of śuc

Present Middle (ātmanepada)

Root 'śuc' (to grieve) in 1st class (often used in middle voice)

Root: śuc (class 1)

जीवन्मुक्ताः (jīvanmuktāḥ) - those liberated while living (jīvanmukta)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jīvanmukta

jīvanmukta - liberated while living, one who has attained liberation during their lifetime

Participle Compound

Compound of 'jīvan' (living, present active participle) and 'mukta' (liberated, past passive participle)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jīvat+mukta)

• jīvat – living
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root 'jīv' (to live)
  Root: jīv (class 1)
• mukta – liberated, released, free
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'muc' (to release) with suffix -ta
  Root: muc (class 6)

जयान्विताः (jayānvitāḥ) - endowed with victory, victorious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jayānvita

jayānvita - accompanied by victory, victorious, triumphant

Compound of 'jaya' (victory) and 'anvita' (accompanied, endowed with)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+anvita)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• anvita – accompanied, endowed with, possessed of
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefix 'anu'
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)