योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-11, verse-52

बन्धुरेवापरिज्ञातो ह्यबन्धुरिति कथ्यते
परिज्ञातो भवेद्बन्धुरबन्धुभ्रमनाशनात् ॥ ५२ ॥

bandhurevāparijñāto hyabandhuriti kathyate
parijñāto bhavedbandhurabandhubhramanāśanāt 52

52. bandhuḥ eva aparijñātaḥ hi abandhuḥ iti kathyate
parijñātaḥ bhavet bandhuḥ abandhubhramanāśanāt

52. hi aparijñātaḥ bandhuḥ eva abandhuḥ iti kathyate.
abandhubhramanāśanāt parijñātaḥ bandhuḥ bhavet

52. Indeed, an actual friend (bandhu), when unrecognized, is called a non-friend. But when fully recognized, that very person becomes a true friend, due to the complete eradication of the illusion of non-friendship.

Words meanings summery:

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - Friend, kinsman, relative.

• एव (eva) - Indeed, only, certainly, even.

• अपरिज्ञातः (aparijñātaḥ) - Unknown, unrecognized, not fully known.

• हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, for.

• अबन्धुः (abandhuḥ) - Not a friend, a non-relative, an enemy.

• इति (iti) - Thus, in this manner, so.

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - Is said, is called, is told.

• परिज्ञातः (parijñātaḥ) - Fully known, recognized, well understood.

• भवेत् (bhavet) - Becomes. (May be, should be, becomes.)

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - Friend, kinsman, relative.

• अबन्धुभ्रमनाशनात् (abandhubhramanāśanāt) - From the destruction of the illusion of non-friendship.

Words meanings and morphology

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - Friend, kinsman, relative.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - Friend, relative, kinsman.

From root bandh (to bind).

Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb (is).

एव (eva) - Indeed, only, certainly, even.

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

अपरिज्ञातः (aparijñātaḥ) - Unknown, unrecognized, not fully known.

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aparijñāta

aparijñāta - Unknown, not fully ascertained, unrecognized.

Past passive participle.

From a (negation) + pari (fully) + root jñā (to know).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (a+parijñāta)

• a – Not, without, un-, non-.
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pari – Around, fully, completely.
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix.
• jñā – To know, to understand, to learn.
  verb root
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'bandhuḥ'.

हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, for.

(indeclinable)

अबन्धुः (abandhuḥ) - Not a friend, a non-relative, an enemy.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abandhu

abandhu - Not a friend or relative, an enemy.

From a (negation) + bandhu (friend).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bandhu)

• a – Not, without, un-, non-.
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• bandhu – Friend, relative, kinsman.
  noun (masculine)
  From root bandh (to bind).
  Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'bandhuḥ'.

इति (iti) - Thus, in this manner, so.

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - Is said, is called, is told.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Present indicative, 3rd person singular, passive voice.

From causal stem kath of root kṛt or root kath (to tell) directly, class 10.

Root: kath (class 10)

परिज्ञातः (parijñātaḥ) - Fully known, recognized, well understood.

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parijñāta

parijñāta - Fully known, ascertained, understood, recognized.

Past passive participle.

From pari (fully) + root jñā (to know).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (pari+jñāta)

• pari – Around, fully, completely.
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix.
• jñā – To know, to understand, to learn.
  verb root
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - Becomes. (May be, should be, becomes.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, 3rd person singular.

From root bhū (class 1).

Root: bhū (class 1)

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - Friend, kinsman, relative.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - Friend, relative, kinsman.

From root bandh (to bind).

Root: bandh (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'parijñātaḥ'.

अबन्धुभ्रमनाशनात् (abandhubhramanāśanāt) - From the destruction of the illusion of non-friendship.

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of abandhubhramanāśana

abandhubhramanāśana - Destruction of the illusion (bhrama) of a non-friend (abandhu).

Compound of abandhu (non-friend) + bhrama (illusion) + nāśana (destruction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abandhu+bhrama+nāśana)

• abandhu – Not a friend or relative, an enemy.
  noun (masculine)
  From a (negation) + bandhu (friend).
  Prefix: a
• bhrama – Wandering, error, illusion, confusion.
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhram (to wander).
  Root: bhram (class 1)
• nāśana – Destruction, causing to perish, removal.
  noun (neuter)
  From root naś (to perish, to destroy) with causative suffix i then ana.
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause or reason.