योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-11, verse-38

तरङ्गकणजालेन पयसीव पयो घनम् ।
शरीरनाशेन कथं ब्रह्मणो मृतधीर्भवेत् ॥ ३८ ॥

taraṅgakaṇajālena payasīva payo ghanam ,
śarīranāśena kathaṃ brahmaṇo mṛtadhīrbhavet 38

38. taraṅgakaṇajālena payasi iva payaḥ ghanam
śarīranāśena katham brahmaṇaḥ mṛtadhīḥ bhavet

38. payasi taraṅgakaṇajālena ghanam payaḥ iva
śarīranāśena brahmaṇaḥ mṛtadhīḥ katham bhavet

38. Just as dense water (ice) exists within water, along with a multitude of waves and particles, how can the notion of death be attributed to Brahman through the destruction of the body?

Words meanings summery:

• तरङ्गकणजालेन (taraṅgakaṇajālena) - By the multitude of transient forms like waves and droplets in water. (by a network of waves and particles/drops)

• पयसि (payasi) - In the fluid, liquid state of water. (in water, in milk)

• इव (iva) - Introduces a simile. (like, as, as if, similar to)

• पयः (payaḥ) - Water, specifically in its frozen state (as implied by 'ghanam'). (water, milk)

• घनम् (ghanam) - Solidified, referring to ice. (dense, solid, compact, thick, deep)

• शरीरनाशेन (śarīranāśena) - Through the dissolution or perishing of the physical form. (by the destruction of the body)

• कथम् (katham) - Rhetorical question implying 'it cannot be'. (how, why, in what manner)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - Pertaining to Brahman. (of Brahman, from Brahman)

• मृतधीः (mṛtadhīḥ) - The idea or delusion that Brahman can die. (thought of death, perception of death, intelligence pertaining to death)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - How could such a thing possibly happen? (rhetorical) (may be, should be, would happen)

Words meanings and morphology

तरङ्गकणजालेन (taraṅgakaṇajālena) - By the multitude of transient forms like waves and droplets in water. (by a network of waves and particles/drops)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taraṅgakaṇajāla

taraṅgakaṇajāla - network of waves and particles/drops, multitude of waves and drops

Tatpurusha compound: taraṅga (wave) + kaṇa (particle/drop) + jāla (net/multitude).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (taraṅga+kaṇa+jāla)

• taraṅga – wave, ripple
  noun (masculine)
  From root tṛ- (to cross, move across).
  Root: tṛ (class 1)
• kaṇa – particle, drop, atom, grain
  noun (masculine)
  From root kaṇ- (to go, move, sound).
  Root: kaṇ (class 1)
• jāla – net, network, multitude, collection
  noun (neuter)
  From root jal- (to cover, protect, shine).
  Root: jal (class 1)

पयसि (payasi) - In the fluid, liquid state of water. (in water, in milk)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of payas

payas - water, milk, fluid, vital energy

From root pī- (to drink, nourish).

Root: pī (class 4)

इव (iva) - Introduces a simile. (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

पयः (payaḥ) - Water, specifically in its frozen state (as implied by 'ghanam'). (water, milk)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of payas

payas - water, milk, fluid, vital energy

From root pī- (to drink, nourish).

Root: pī (class 4)

Note: Refers to the solid form of water, i.e., ice, in conjunction with 'ghanam'.

घनम् (ghanam) - Solidified, referring to ice. (dense, solid, compact, thick, deep)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghana

ghana - dense, solid, compact, thick, substantial, cloud, hammer

From root han- (to strike, kill), or related to ghan- (to be dense).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'payaḥ'.

शरीरनाशेन (śarīranāśena) - Through the dissolution or perishing of the physical form. (by the destruction of the body)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śarīranāśa

śarīranāśa - destruction of the body, bodily dissolution

Tatpurusha compound: śarīra (body) + nāśa (destruction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śarīra+nāśa)

• śarīra – body, corporeal frame
  noun (neuter)
  From root śṛ- (to crush, tear, decay).
  Root: śṛ (class 9)
• nāśa – destruction, loss, ruin, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  From root naś- (to perish, be lost).
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Causal instrumental.

कथम् (katham) - Rhetorical question implying 'it cannot be'. (how, why, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - Pertaining to Brahman. (of Brahman, from Brahman)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman, the Absolute Reality, the ultimate truth

From root bṛh- (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Possessive, 'of Brahman'.

मृतधीः (mṛtadhīḥ) - The idea or delusion that Brahman can die. (thought of death, perception of death, intelligence pertaining to death)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mṛtadhī

mṛtadhī - thought of death, perception of death, intellect associated with death

Tatpurusha compound: mṛta (dead) + dhī (intellect/thought).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛta+dhī)

• mṛta – dead, deceased, died
  adjective (masculine/neuter/feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root mṛ- (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• dhī – thought, intellect, understanding, mind, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root dhyai- (to meditate) or dhī- (to perceive).
  Root: dhī (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - How could such a thing possibly happen? (rhetorical) (may be, should be, would happen)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used in a rhetorical question.