योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-11, verse-47

स्वयं प्रभुर्महात्मैव ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो विदुः ।
अपरिज्ञातमज्ञानमज्ञानामिति कथ्यते ॥ ४७ ॥

svayaṃ prabhurmahātmaiva brahma brahmavido viduḥ ,
aparijñātamajñānamajñānāmiti kathyate 47

47. svayam prabhuḥ mahātmā eva brahma brahmavidaḥ
viduḥ aparijñātam ajñānam ajñānām iti kathyate

47. brahmavidaḥ brahma svayam prabhuḥ mahātmā eva
viduḥ aparijñātam ajñānam ajñānām iti kathyate

47. Those who know Brahman (brahman) understand that Brahman itself is the self-existent Lord, the great self (ātman). That which remains unknown is called ignorance (ajñāna) by the ignorant.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, spontaneously

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord, master, powerful

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - great soul, great self (ātman)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, alone

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman, the Absolute Reality

• ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - knowers of Brahman

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

• अपरिज्ञातम् (aparijñātam) - unknown, not fully known, not recognized

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance, nescience, not knowing

• अज्ञानाम् (ajñānām) - of the ignorant (persons)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is said, is called, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, spontaneously

(indeclinable)

Accusative of svayam 'self' used adverbially.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - lord, master, powerful

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful, pre-eminent

From root bhū 'to be' with upasarga 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for Brahman.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great soul, great self (ātman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble-minded, exalted self (ātman)

Compound of mahā 'great' and ātman 'self'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for Brahman.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, alone

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - Brahman, the Absolute Reality

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahman, the Absolute, the supreme reality

Root: bṛh (class 1)

ब्रह्मविदः (brahmavidaḥ) - knowers of Brahman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knower of Brahman, one who knows the Absolute

Compound of 'brahman' and 'vid' (knower).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – Brahman, the Absolute, the supreme reality
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid 'to know'
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'viduḥ'.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

perfect tense, 3rd person plural (or present of a special root)

From root vid 'to know'. Often treated as a special present form.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Irregular form.

अपरिज्ञातम् (aparijñātam) - unknown, not fully known, not recognized

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aparijñāta

aparijñāta - unknown, not fully known, unrecognized, unperceived

Past Passive Participle

From root jñā 'to know' with upasargas 'pari' and 'a-' (negation).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parijñāta)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• pari – around, completely, fully
  indeclinable
  prefix
• jñāta – known, understood
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jñā 'to know'
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the subject of kathyate (ajñānam).

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - ignorance, nescience, not knowing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, want of knowledge

Derived from root jñā 'to know' with prefix 'a-' and suffix '-ana'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā 'to know'
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'kathyate'.

अज्ञानाम् (ajñānām) - of the ignorant (persons)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorant, foolish, one who does not know

From 'a-' (negation) and 'jñāna' (knowledge). Used as a noun referring to ignorant persons.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā 'to know'
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to ignorant people.

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

particle

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is said, is called, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

present passive, 3rd person singular

From root kath 'to tell'. Denominative verb.

Root: kṛt (class 10)