योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-11, verse-2

अज्ञानमेतद्बलवदविद्येतरनामकम् ।
जन्मान्तरसहस्रोत्थं घनं स्थितिमुपागतम् ॥ २ ॥

ajñānametadbalavadavidyetaranāmakam ,
janmāntarasahasrotthaṃ ghanaṃ sthitimupāgatam 2

2. ajñānam etat balavat avidyā-itara-nāmakam
janmāntara-sahasra-uttham ghanam sthitim upāgatam

2. etat balavat avidyā-itara-nāmakam ajñānam
janmāntara-sahasra-uttham ghanam sthitim upāgatam

2. This ignorance (ajñāna), also known as avidyā, is extremely powerful. It has arisen from thousands of past births and has become dense and deeply ingrained.

Words meanings summery:

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - spiritual ignorance (ajñāna) (ignorance, nescience)

• एतत् (etat) - this (ignorance) (this)

• बलवत् (balavat) - extremely powerful (powerful, strong)

• अविद्या-इतर-नामकम् (avidyā-itara-nāmakam) - bearing the other name, avidyā (also named avidyā (ignorance))

• जन्मान्तर-सहस्र-उत्थम् (janmāntara-sahasra-uttham) - born out of a multitude of previous incarnations or lifetimes (arisen from thousands of other births)

• घनम् (ghanam) - deeply entrenched or solidified (dense, solid, compact)

• स्थितिम् (sthitim) - a firm or established state (state, condition, stability)

• उपागतम् (upāgatam) - has acquired or reached (this dense state) (attained, reached, arrived at)

Words meanings and morphology

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - spiritual ignorance (ajñāna) (ignorance, nescience)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - ignorance, nescience, lack of knowledge

Compound of negative particle a- and jñāna

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – not, non, without
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

एतत् (etat) - this (ignorance) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etat

etat - this, this here

बलवत् (balavat) - extremely powerful (powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty, having strength

Possessive suffix -vat added to bala (strength)

अविद्या-इतर-नामकम् (avidyā-itara-nāmakam) - bearing the other name, avidyā (also named avidyā (ignorance))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avidyā-itara-nāmaka

avidyā-itara-nāmaka - having the other name of avidyā

Compound of avidyā, itara, and nāmaka

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avidyā+itara+nāmaka)

• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance (avidyā)
  noun (feminine)
  Compound of negative particle a- and vidyā
• itara – other, different, another
  adjective (neuter)
• nāmaka – named, called, bearing the name of
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from nāman (name)

जन्मान्तर-सहस्र-उत्थम् (janmāntara-sahasra-uttham) - born out of a multitude of previous incarnations or lifetimes (arisen from thousands of other births)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janmāntara-sahasra-uttha

janmāntara-sahasra-uttha - arisen from thousands of successive births

Compound of janmāntara, sahasra, and uttha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (janmāntara+sahasra+uttha)

• janmāntara – another birth, previous birth, successive birth
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of janman (birth) and antara (other)
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)
• uttha – arisen, produced from, standing up
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sthā with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

घनम् (ghanam) - deeply entrenched or solidified (dense, solid, compact)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghana

ghana - dense, thick, solid, compact, profound

स्थितिम् (sthitim) - a firm or established state (state, condition, stability)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sthiti

sthiti - standing, state, condition, stability, firm position

Derived from root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

उपागतम् (upāgatam) - has acquired or reached (this dense state) (attained, reached, arrived at)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upāgata

upāgata - attained, reached, approached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with prefixes upa and ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)