योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-11, verse-51

अपरिज्ञातमज्ञानामज्ञानमिति कथ्यते ।
परिज्ञातं भवेज्ज्ञानमज्ञानपरिनाशनम् ॥ ५१ ॥

aparijñātamajñānāmajñānamiti kathyate ,
parijñātaṃ bhavejjñānamajñānaparināśanam 51

51. aparijñātam ajñānām ajñānam iti kathyate
parijñātam bhavet jñānam ajñānaparināśanam

51. ajñānām aparijñātam ajñānam iti kathyate.
parijñātam jñānam ajñānaparināśanam bhavet

51. What is unknown by the ignorant is called ignorance (ajñāna). What is fully known becomes true knowledge (jñāna), which is the destroyer of ignorance.

Words meanings summery:

• अपरिज्ञातम् (aparijñātam) - Unknown, not fully known, unperceived.

• अज्ञानाम् (ajñānām) - Of the ignorant, of those without knowledge.

• अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - Ignorance, lack of knowledge.

• इति (iti) - Thus, in this manner, so.

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - Is said, is called, is told.

• परिज्ञातम् (parijñātam) - Fully known, well understood.

• भवेत् (bhavet) - Becomes. (May be, should be, becomes.)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - True knowledge. (Knowledge, wisdom, realization.)

• अज्ञानपरिनाशनम् (ajñānaparināśanam) - Destroyer of ignorance.

Words meanings and morphology

अपरिज्ञातम् (aparijñātam) - Unknown, not fully known, unperceived.

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aparijñāta

aparijñāta - Unknown, not fully ascertained, unrecognized.

Past passive participle.

From a (negation) + pari (fully) + root jñā (to know).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (a+parijñāta)

• a – Not, without, un-, non-.
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• pari – Around, fully, completely.
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix.
• jñā – To know, to understand, to learn.
  verb root
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'kathyate'.

अज्ञानाम् (ajñānām) - Of the ignorant, of those without knowledge.

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of ajñānin

ajñānin - Ignorant person, one without knowledge (jñāna).

From a (negation) + jñānin (knower).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (a+jñānin)

• a – Not, without, un-, non-.
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñānin – Knower, intelligent person.
  noun (masculine)
  Possessive suffix in from jñāna.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to 'of those who are ignorant'.

अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) - Ignorance, lack of knowledge.

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñāna

ajñāna - Ignorance, nescience, absence of knowledge (jñāna).

From a (negation) + jñāna (knowledge).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jñāna)

• a – Not, without, un-, non-.
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• jñāna – Knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge.
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aparijñātam'.

इति (iti) - Thus, in this manner, so.

(indeclinable)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - Is said, is called, is told.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kath

Present indicative, 3rd person singular, passive voice.

From causal stem kath of root kṛt or root kath (to tell) directly, class 10.

Root: kath (class 10)

परिज्ञातम् (parijñātam) - Fully known, well understood.

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parijñāta

parijñāta - Fully known, ascertained, understood.

Past passive participle.

From pari (fully) + root jñā (to know).

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (pari+jñāta)

• pari – Around, fully, completely.
  indeclinable
  Prepositional prefix.
• jñā – To know, to understand, to learn.
  verb root
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'bhavet'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - Becomes. (May be, should be, becomes.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, 3rd person singular.

From root bhū (class 1).

Root: bhū (class 1)

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - True knowledge. (Knowledge, wisdom, realization.)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - Knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge, understanding.

From root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'parijñātam'.

अज्ञानपरिनाशनम् (ajñānaparināśanam) - Destroyer of ignorance.

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ajñānaparināśana

ajñānaparināśana - That which completely destroys ignorance.

Compound of ajñāna (ignorance) + parināśana (destroyer).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāna+parināśana)

• ajñāna – Ignorance, nescience, absence of knowledge (jñāna).
  noun (neuter)
  From a (negation) + jñāna (knowledge).
  Prefix: a
• parināśana – Destroying, ruining, removal.
  noun (neuter)
  From pari + root naś (to perish) with causative suffix i then ana.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'jñānam'.