योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-48, verse-76

उदगुः पङ्क्तयोऽब्दानां यामिन्य इव संचिताः ।
तमालविपिनोड्डीनसंरम्भादम्बुमन्थराः ॥ ७६ ॥

udaguḥ paṅktayo'bdānāṃ yāminya iva saṃcitāḥ ,
tamālavipinoḍḍīnasaṃrambhādambumantharāḥ 76

76. udaguḥ paṅktayaḥ abdānām yāminyaḥ iva sañcitāḥ
tamālavipinoddīnasaṃrambhāt ambumantharāḥ

76. abdānām paṅktayaḥ sañcitāḥ yāminyaḥ iva,
tamālavipinoddīnasaṃrambhāt ambumantharāḥ,
udaguḥ

76. Rows of dark clouds, gathered and heavy with water, arose like massed nights, moving slowly due to the very force of their ascent from the Tamāla groves.

Words meanings summery:

• उदगुः (udaguḥ) - they arose, they went up, they came forth

• पङ्क्तयः (paṅktayaḥ) - rows, lines, series

• अब्दानाम् (abdānām) - of clouds (of clouds, of years)

• यामिन्यः (yāminyaḥ) - nights

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• सञ्चिताः (sañcitāḥ) - dense (like clouds) (collected, gathered, amassed, dense)

• तमालविपिनोद्दीनसंरम्भात् (tamālavipinoddīnasaṁrambhāt) - from the energetic ascent/onset from the Tamāla groves

• अम्बुमन्थराः (ambumantharāḥ) - heavy with water, slow due to water

Words meanings and morphology

उदगुः (udaguḥ) - they arose, they went up, they came forth

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect (liṭ) formation

ud-√gam, reduplication for perfect: ju-gam -> jagm. udagu is an irregular perfect form for 3rd plural.

Prefix: ud

Root: gam (class 1)

पङ्क्तयः (paṅktayaḥ) - rows, lines, series

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paṅkti

paṅkti - row, line, series, class

Note: Subject of 'udaguḥ'.

अब्दानाम् (abdānām) - of clouds (of clouds, of years)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of abda

abda - cloud, year

Derived from ap (water) + dā (give) -> one that gives water

Note: Possessive modifying 'paṅktayaḥ'.

यामिन्यः (yāminyaḥ) - nights

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yāminī

yāminī - night

Note: Part of the simile "like nights".

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

सञ्चिताः (sañcitāḥ) - dense (like clouds) (collected, gathered, amassed, dense)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sañcita

sañcita - collected, gathered, accumulated, dense

Past Passive Participle

Derived from saṃ-√ci (to collect, accumulate)

Prefix: sam

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'paṅktayaḥ'.

तमालविपिनोद्दीनसंरम्भात् (tamālavipinoddīnasaṁrambhāt) - from the energetic ascent/onset from the Tamāla groves

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tamālavipinoddīnasaṃrambha

tamālavipinoddīnasaṁrambha - energetic ascent/onset from the Tamāla groves

Derived from tamāla (tree) + vipina (grove) + uḍḍīna (flying up) + saṃrambha (impetus)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (tamāla+vipina+uḍḍīna+saṃrambha)

• tamāla – Tamāla tree (a tree with dark bark and fragrant flowers)
  noun (masculine)
• vipina – forest, grove, thicket
  noun (neuter)
• uḍḍīna – flying up, soaring, risen
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ud-√ḍī (to fly up)
  Prefix: ud
  Root: ḍī (class 4)
• saṃrambha – haste, impetuosity, vehemence, energy
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from sam-√rabh (to seize, begin violently)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rabh (class 1)

Note: Indicates cause or origin. The 'slow movement' is attributed to this forceful ascent.

अम्बुमन्थराः (ambumantharāḥ) - heavy with water, slow due to water

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ambumanthara

ambumanthara - heavy with water, slow due to water

Derived from ambu (water) + manthara (slow, heavy)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (ambu+manthara)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• manthara – slow, sluggish, heavy, deliberate
  adjective

Note: Qualifies 'paṅktayaḥ'.