योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-48, verse-21

तं छित्त्वा सायकासारं शरीराम्बुधरं घनम् ।
व्योम्नि प्रसारयामास रसाच्छवशतान्वितम् ॥ २१ ॥

taṃ chittvā sāyakāsāraṃ śarīrāmbudharaṃ ghanam ,
vyomni prasārayāmāsa rasācchavaśatānvitam 21

21. tam chittvā sāyakāsāram śarīrāmbudharam ghanam
vyomni prasārayāmāsa rasāt śavaśatānvitam

21. rasāt tam sāyakāsāram ghanam śarīrāmbudharam
chittvā śavaśatānvitam vyomni prasārayāmāsa

21. With great fury, he shattered that dense, body-like cloud, which was a shower of arrows, and scattered it in the sky, along with hundreds of corpses.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that opponent (him, that)

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having pierced, having shattered

• सायकासारम् (sāyakāsāram) - a shower of arrows

• शरीराम्बुधरम् (śarīrāmbudharam) - body-cloud

• घनम् (ghanam) - dense, thick, solid

• व्योम्नि (vyomni) - in the sky, in space

• प्रसारयामास (prasārayāmāsa) - he spread, he scattered, he extended

• रसात् (rasāt) - from eagerness, from fury, with enthusiasm

• शवशतान्वितम् (śavaśatānvitam) - accompanied by hundreds of corpses

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that opponent (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the opponent being described by the following adjectives.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having pierced, having shattered

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root chid (class 7) with suffix -tvā.

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) indicating a prior action to 'scattering'.

सायकासारम् (sāyakāsāram) - a shower of arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāyakāsāra

sāyakāsāra - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sāyaka+āsāra)

• sāyaka – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āsāra – shower, downpour
  noun (masculine)
  From root sṛ (to flow) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective for the opponent (or his form), showing he was a source of many arrows.

शरीराम्बुधरम् (śarīrāmbudharam) - body-cloud

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śarīrāmbudhara

śarīrāmbudhara - body-cloud (likened to a cloud)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śarīra+ambudhara)

• śarīra – body
  noun (neuter)
• ambudhara – cloud (lit. water-bearer)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'ambu' (water) and root dhṛ (to bear), with suffix a.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective for the opponent.

घनम् (ghanam) - dense, thick, solid

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghana

ghana - dense, thick, solid, compact; cloud

Note: Adjective agreeing with 'sāyakāsāram śarīrāmbudharam'.

व्योम्नि (vyomni) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, space

Note: Indicates the location where the scattering occurred.

प्रसारयामास (prasārayāmāsa) - he spread, he scattered, he extended

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of prasāray

perfect tense (periphrastic)

Periphrastic perfect form, constructed from the causative stem 'prasāraya' (from pra-sṛ 'to flow') + ām + the perfect of 'as' (to be).

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence, the action performed by the implied subject (a warrior).

रसात् (rasāt) - from eagerness, from fury, with enthusiasm

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rasa

rasa - juice, essence, taste, sentiment, emotion, eagerness, fury

Note: Describes the intensity and emotional drive behind the action.

शवशतान्वितम् (śavaśatānvitam) - accompanied by hundreds of corpses

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śavaśatānvita

śavaśatānvita - accompanied by hundreds of corpses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śava+śata+anvita)

• śava – corpse, dead body
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• anvita – accompanied, joined, connected
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From prefix anu- and root i (to go), with kta suffix.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adjective for 'tam', indicating the result of the scattering.