वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-35, verse-54

त्वया दत्तो ऽयमस्माकमायुषः पवनः पतिः ।
सो ऽस्मान्प्राणेश्वरो भूत्वा कस्मादेषो ऽद्य सत्तम ॥५४॥

54. tvayā datto'yamasmākamāyuṣaḥ pavanaḥ patiḥ ,
so'smānprāṇeśvaro bhūtvā kasmādeṣo'dya sattama.

54. tvayā dattaḥ ayam asmākam āyuṣaḥ pavanaḥ patiḥ saḥ
asmān prāṇeśvaraḥ bhūtvā kasmāt eṣaḥ adya sattama

54. sattama tvayā ayam asmākam āyuṣaḥ patiḥ pavanaḥ
dattaḥ saḥ prāṇeśvaraḥ bhūtvā adya kasmāt eṣaḥ asmān

54. This wind, the master of life, was given to us by you. Why does he, having become the lord of our life (prāṇa), today, O best among existents...

Words meanings summery:

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

• अयम् (ayam) - this (wind/breath) (this, this one)

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - to us (our, to us, of us)

• आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life, of duration, of vitality

• पवनः (pavanaḥ) - wind, air, breath

• पतिः (patiḥ) - master (of life) (lord, master, husband)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the wind/breath) (he, that one)

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us

• प्राणेश्वरः (prāṇeśvaraḥ) - lord of life (prāṇa), master of vital breath

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (the wind/breath) (this, this one)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• सत्तम (sattama) - O best (referring to the addressed deity) (O best among existents, O most excellent)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, presented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

अयम् (ayam) - this (wind/breath) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - to us (our, to us, of us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

आयुषः (āyuṣaḥ) - of life, of duration, of vitality

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, vitality, duration of life, age

पवनः (pavanaḥ) - wind, air, breath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pavana

pavana - wind, air, breath, purifier

From root √pū (to purify), or √vā (to blow)

पतिः (patiḥ) - master (of life) (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, owner, husband

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the wind/breath) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्मान् (asmān) - us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

प्राणेश्वरः (prāṇeśvaraḥ) - lord of life (prāṇa), master of vital breath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṇeśvara

prāṇeśvara - lord of life (prāṇa), master of vital breath

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāṇa+īśvara)

• prāṇa – life-breath, vital air, life force
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, controller, God
  noun (masculine)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become, having been

(indeclinable)

Root: bhū (class 1)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why (from what, why)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, how

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (the wind/breath) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

सत्तम (sattama) - O best (referring to the addressed deity) (O best among existents, O most excellent)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sattama

sattama - best of existing things, most excellent, supreme

Superlative form of 'sat' (existing, good)

Compound type : karmadharaya (sat+tama)

• sat – existing, real, good, virtuous
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From root √as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• tama – most, best, -est (superlative suffix)
  suffix
  Superlative suffix added to adjectives