वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-35, verse-4

दृष्ट्वोदधिं विषीदन्तीं तदैष कपिवाहिनीम् ।
समाश्वास्य कपीन्भूयो योजनानां शतं प्लुतः ॥४॥

4. dṛṣṭvodadhiṃ viṣīdantīṃ tadaiṣa kapivāhinīm ,
samāśvāsya kapīnbhūyo yojanānāṃ śataṃ plutaḥ.

4. dṛṣṭvā udadhim viṣīdantīm tadā eṣaḥ kapivāhinīm
samāśvāsya kapīn bhūyaḥ yojanānām śatam plutaḥ

4. eṣaḥ udadhim viṣīdantīm kapivāhinīm dṛṣṭvā tadā
kapīn samāśvāsya bhūyaḥ yojanānām śatam plutaḥ

4. Having seen the ocean, he then comforted the despondent monkey army, and subsequently leaped a hundred yojanas (a measure of distance).

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• उदधिम् (udadhim) - ocean, sea

• विषीदन्तीम् (viṣīdantīm) - despairing, despondent, sad

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, this (masculine))

• कपिवाहिनीम् (kapivāhinīm) - the army of monkeys

• समाश्वास्य (samāśvāsya) - having comforted, having reassured

• कपीन् (kapīn) - the monkeys

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - further, subsequently (again, further, moreover)

• योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• प्लुतः (plutaḥ) - leaped, jumped, flown

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Connects to the main verb 'plutaḥ'.

उदधिम् (udadhim) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udadhi

udadhi - ocean, sea, reservoir of water

Compound of uda (water) and dhā (to hold)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (uda+dhā)

• uda – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhā – to hold, bear, place
  verb
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

विषीदन्तीम् (viṣīdantīm) - despairing, despondent, sad

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of viṣīdat

viṣīdat - despairing, despondent, sinking, lamenting

Present Active Participle

From vi + sad (to sink, despond)

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kapivāhinīm'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

From tad (that)

Note: Adverb of time.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - he (Hanuman) (he, this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the main clause.

कपिवाहिनीम् (kapivāhinīm) - the army of monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kapivāhinī

kapivāhinī - army of monkeys, monkey host

Compound of kapi (monkey) and vāhinī (army)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kapi+vāhinī)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• vāhinī – army, host, multitude
  noun (feminine)
  From vāha (carrying, conveying)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samāśvāsya'.

समाश्वास्य (samāśvāsya) - having comforted, having reassured

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefixes sam + ā + root śvas (to breathe, sigh) + suffix -ya (for prefixed roots)

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Connects to the main verb 'plutaḥ'.

कपीन् (kapīn) - the monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Object of 'samāśvāsya'.

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - further, subsequently (again, further, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Comparative form of bhūri (much)

Note: Adverb.

योजनानाम् (yojanānām) - of yojanas

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yojana

yojana - a measure of distance (approx. 8-16 km), yoking, journey

From root yuj (to yoke, join)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Possessive, indicating 'a hundred of yojanas'.

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(numeral)

Note: Direct object of the implied distance covered by leaping.

प्लुतः (plutaḥ) - leaped, jumped, flown

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pluta

pluta - leaped, jumped, flown, swum

Past Passive Participle

From root plu (to leap, swim)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Refers to Hanuman, 'he leaped'.