वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-56, verse-98

तेषां तु हतशेषा ये ते गता लघुविक्रमाः ।
निहतं च मया सैन्यं रावणायाचचक्षिरे ॥९८॥

98. teṣāṃ tu hataśeṣā ye te gatā laghuvikramāḥ ,
nihataṃ ca mayā sainyaṃ rāvaṇāyācacakṣire.

98. teṣām tu hataśeṣāḥ ye te gatāḥ laghuvikramāḥ
nihatam ca mayā sainyam rāvaṇāya ācacākṣire

98. tu teṣām ye hataśeṣāḥ laghuvikramāḥ te gatāḥ
ca mayā sainyam nihatam rāvaṇāya ācacākṣire

98. But those among them who remained after being slain, those of diminished valor, went and reported to Rāvaṇa that the army had been destroyed by me.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - survivors of the slain, those remaining after being killed

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• ते (te) - those, they

• गताः (gatāḥ) - went, gone

• लघुविक्रमाः (laghuvikramāḥ) - of diminished valor, with small might

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, destroyed

• च (ca) - and

• मया (mayā) - by me

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• रावणाय (rāvaṇāya) - to Rāvaṇa, for Rāvaṇa

• आचचाक्षिरे (ācacākṣire) - they reported, they told

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Kiṅkaras.

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a contrast or transition.

हतशेषाः (hataśeṣāḥ) - survivors of the slain, those remaining after being killed

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hataśeṣa

hataśeṣa - remaining after being killed, survivors

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hata+śeṣa)

• hata – struck, killed, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root `han` (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remainder, residue, remaining
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies `ye` and `te`.

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlative pronoun to `ye`.

गताः (gatāḥ) - went, gone

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained

past passive participle

From root `gam` (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

लघुविक्रमाः (laghuvikramāḥ) - of diminished valor, with small might

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of laghuvikrama

laghuvikrama - of little power, of diminished valor, weak in courage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (laghu+vikrama)

• laghu – light, small, quick, insignificant
  adjective
• vikrama – valor, courage, power, strength
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi-kram` (to stride forth, be powerful).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `ye` and `te`.

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck, destroyed

past passive participle

From `ni-han` (to strike down, kill).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'went' and 'reported'.

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Agent of the passive participle `nihatam`.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military host, troops

Derived from `senā` (army).

Note: Object of `nihatam` (which itself is the object of `ācacākṣire`).

रावणाय (rāvaṇāya) - to Rāvaṇa, for Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (name of the chief of rākṣasas)

Note: Recipient of the report.

आचचाक्षिरे (ācacākṣire) - they reported, they told

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (liṭ) of ācakṣ

perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect (lit), 3rd person plural, middle voice (ātmanepada). Root `cakṣ` with `ā` prefix.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

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