वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-56, verse-73

ततस्ताः सहिताः सर्वा विहताशा निरुद्यमाः ।
परिक्षिप्य समन्तात्तां निद्रावशमुपागताः ॥७३॥

73. tatastāḥ sahitāḥ sarvā vihatāśā nirudyamāḥ ,
parikṣipya samantāttāṃ nidrāvaśamupāgatāḥ.

73. tataḥ tāḥ sahitāḥ sarvāḥ vihatāśāḥ nirudyamaḥ
parikṣipya samantāt tām nidrāvaśam upāgatāḥ

73. tataḥ sarvāḥ sahitāḥ vihatāśāḥ nirudyamaḥ tāḥ
tām samantāt parikṣipya nidrāvaśam upāgatāḥ

73. Thereafter, all of them, gathered together, with their hopes shattered and their efforts abandoned, surrounded her (Sita) on all sides and succumbed to sleep.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from there

• ताः (tāḥ) - they (the demonesses) (they)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together, assembled

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of them (the demonesses) (all)

• विहताशाः (vihatāśāḥ) - with broken hopes, disappointed

• निरुद्यमः (nirudyamaḥ) - without effort, inactive, having ceased efforts

• परिक्षिप्य (parikṣipya) - having surrounded, having cast around

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - all around, on all sides

• ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her)

• निद्रावशम् (nidrāvaśam) - under the sway of sleep

• उपागताः (upāgatāḥ) - they came to, they fell into

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from there

(indeclinable)

ताः (tāḥ) - they (the demonesses) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, she, they

Note: Subject of upāgatāḥ

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together, assembled

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, together with, assembled

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā (to place, hold) with prefix sa (together) and i (from in in some derivations), often linked to sah (to endure).

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Modifies tāḥ

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all of them (the demonesses) (all)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies tāḥ

विहताशाः (vihatāśāḥ) - with broken hopes, disappointed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vihatāśā

vihatāśā - having hopes broken

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vihata+āśā)

• vihata – struck down, destroyed, broken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han (to strike, kill) with prefix vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: han (class 2)
• āśā – hope, expectation
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies tāḥ

निरुद्यमः (nirudyamaḥ) - without effort, inactive, having ceased efforts

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nirudyama

nirudyama - without effort, inactive, having ceased efforts

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nis+udyama)

• nis – without, out of
  indeclinable
• udyama – effort, exertion
  noun (masculine)
  From root yam (to restrain) with prefix ud
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Modifies tāḥ

परिक्षिप्य (parikṣipya) - having surrounded, having cast around

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root kṣip (to throw, cast) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣip (class 6)

समन्तात् (samantāt) - all around, on all sides

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - her (Sita) (her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, they

Note: Object of parikṣipya

निद्रावशम् (nidrāvaśam) - under the sway of sleep

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nidrāvaśa

nidrāvaśa - under the influence/control of sleep

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nidrā+vaśa)

• nidrā – sleep
  noun (feminine)
• vaśa – power, control, sway
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of upāgatāḥ

उपागताः (upāgatāḥ) - they came to, they fell into

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of upāgata

upāgata - approached, arrived, fallen into

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) with prefixes upa and ā

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used as a finite verb, agreeing with tāḥ

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