वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-56, verse-70

याते तस्मिन्दशग्रीवे राक्षस्यो विकृताननाः ।
सीतां निर्भर्त्सयामासुर्वाक्यैः क्रूरैः सुदारुणैः ॥७०॥

70. yāte tasmindaśagrīve rākṣasyo vikṛtānanāḥ ,
sītāṃ nirbhartsayāmāsurvākyaiḥ krūraiḥ sudāruṇaiḥ.

70. yāte tasmin daśagrīve rākṣasyaḥ vikṛtānanāḥ sītām
nirbhartsayām āsuḥ vākyaiḥ krūraiḥ sudāruṇaiḥ

70. tasmin daśagrīve yāte,
vikṛtānanāḥ rākṣasyaḥ sītām krūraiḥ sudāruṇaiḥ vākyaiḥ nirbhartsayām āsuḥ.

70. After that Daśagrīva departed, the demonesses with distorted faces rebuked Sītā with cruel and exceedingly dreadful words.

Words meanings summery:

• याते (yāte) - when gone, after having gone

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when Daśagrīva (in that, when that)

• दशग्रीवे (daśagrīve) - in Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa), when Daśagrīva

• राक्षस्यः (rākṣasyaḥ) - demonesses

• विकृताननाः (vikṛtānanāḥ) - having distorted faces, ugly-faced

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

• निर्भर्त्सयाम् (nirbhartsayām) - rebuke, threaten (part of periphrastic perfect)

• आसुः (āsuḥ) - they were (auxiliary verb)

• वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with words, by speeches

• क्रूरैः (krūraiḥ) - with cruel, harsh

• सुदारुणैः (sudāruṇaiḥ) - with very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

Words meanings and morphology

याते (yāte) - when gone, after having gone

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yāta

yāta - gone, departed, walked

Past Passive Participle

from yā + kta

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Used in locative absolute construction

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - when Daśagrīva (in that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Daśagrīva, part of locative absolute

दशग्रीवे (daśagrīve) - in Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa), when Daśagrīva

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of daśagrīva

daśagrīva - Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa, 'ten-necked')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daśan+grīvā)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• grīvā – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Part of locative absolute construction

राक्षस्यः (rākṣasyaḥ) - demonesses

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - demoness, female rākṣasa

Note: Subject of nirbhartsayām āsuḥ

विकृताननाः (vikṛtānanāḥ) - having distorted faces, ugly-faced

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vikṛtānana

vikṛtānana - having a distorted or ugly face

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vikṛta+ānana)

• vikṛta – distorted, disfigured, changed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi + kṛ + kta
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ānana – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies rākṣasyaḥ

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (daughter of Janaka, wife of Rāma)

Note: Object of 'nirbhartsayām āsuḥ'

निर्भर्त्सयाम् (nirbhartsayām) - rebuke, threaten (part of periphrastic perfect)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nirbhartsayā

nirbhartsayā - rebuke, threaten

from nir + bharts + ṇic + ā

Prefix: nir

Root: bharts (class 10)

Note: Used in the periphrastic perfect construction with 'āsuḥ'

आसुः (āsuḥ) - they were (auxiliary verb)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Auxiliary verb for periphrastic perfect, 'nirbhartsayām āsuḥ'

वाक्यैः (vākyaiḥ) - with words, by speeches

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

from vac + ṇya

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Means by means of words

क्रूरैः (krūraiḥ) - with cruel, harsh

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, harsh, dreadful

Note: Qualifies vākyaiḥ

सुदारुणैः (sudāruṇaiḥ) - with very dreadful, exceedingly terrible

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very dreadful, exceedingly terrible, extremely fierce

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – dreadful, terrible, fierce, harsh
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies vākyaiḥ

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