वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-56, verse-126

दूतवध्या न दृष्टा हि राजशास्त्रेषु राक्षस ।
दूतेन वेदितव्यं च यथार्थं हितवादिना ॥१२६॥

126. dūtavadhyā na dṛṣṭā hi rājaśāstreṣu rākṣasa ,
dūtena veditavyaṃ ca yathārthaṃ hitavādinā.

126. dūtavadhyā na dṛṣṭā hi rājaśāstreṣu rākṣasa
dūtena veditavyam ca yathārtham hitavādinā

126. rākṣasa hi rājaśāstreṣu dūtavadhyā na dṛṣṭā
ca hitavādinā dūtena yathārtham veditavyam

126. O demon, the killing of an envoy is certainly not prescribed in the treatises on statecraft. Furthermore, an envoy who speaks beneficially should convey the truth accurately.

Words meanings summery:

• दूतवध्या (dūtavadhyā) - the killing of an envoy

• न (na) - not, no

• दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - seen, observed, prescribed

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• राजशास्त्रेषु (rājaśāstreṣu) - in royal treatises, in treatises on statecraft

• राक्षस (rākṣasa) - O Ravana! (O demon!, O ogre!)

• दूतेन (dūtena) - by an envoy, by a messenger

• वेदितव्यम् (veditavyam) - to be made known, to be understood, to be conveyed

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथार्थम् (yathārtham) - truthfully, as it is, correctly

• हितवादिना (hitavādinā) - by a well-wisher, by one who speaks beneficially

Words meanings and morphology

दूतवध्या (dūtavadhyā) - the killing of an envoy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dūtavadhya

dūtavadhya - the killing of an envoy/messenger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dūta+vadhyā)

• dūta – envoy, messenger
  noun (masculine)
• vadhyā – killing, slaughter, what is to be killed
  noun (feminine)
  Gerundive (feminine form) used as noun
  Derived from root √vadh (to kill)
  Root: vadh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दृष्टा (dṛṣṭā) - seen, observed, prescribed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, prescribed, appeared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

राजशास्त्रेषु (rājaśāstreṣu) - in royal treatises, in treatises on statecraft

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rājaśāstra

rājaśāstra - royal treatise, treatise on statecraft/polity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+śāstra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śāstra – treatise, scripture, science, rule
  noun (neuter)

राक्षस (rākṣasa) - O Ravana! (O demon!, O ogre!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, ogre, a being belonging to the Rākṣasa class

दूतेन (dūtena) - by an envoy, by a messenger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - envoy, messenger, delegate

Past Passive Participle (from √du, 'to move'), often used as agent noun

Root: du (class 1)

वेदितव्यम् (veditavyam) - to be made known, to be understood, to be conveyed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of veditavya

veditavya - to be known, to be understood, to be communicated

Gerundive

Derived from root √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथार्थम् (yathārtham) - truthfully, as it is, correctly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+artha)

• yathā – as, according to, in what manner
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

हितवादिना (hitavādinā) - by a well-wisher, by one who speaks beneficially

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hitavādin

hitavādin - well-wisher, one who speaks beneficially/salutarily

Derived from hita (beneficial) and vādin (speaker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hita+vādin)

• hita – beneficial, salutary, good, favorable
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle (from √dhā)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vādin – speaking, speaker, proclaiming
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from √vad
  Root: vad (class 1)

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