महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-60, verse-35

द्वादशैवादितेः पुत्राः शक्रमुख्या नराधिप ।
तेषामवरजो विष्णुर्यत्र लोकाः प्रतिष्ठिताः ॥३५॥

35. dvādaśaivāditeḥ putrāḥ śakramukhyā narādhipa ,
teṣāmavarajo viṣṇuryatra lokāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ.

35. dvādaśa eva āditeḥ putrāḥ śakramukhyāḥ narādhipa
teṣām avarajaḥ viṣṇuḥ yatra lokāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ

35. O king of men, Aditi certainly had twelve sons, with Indra as their chief. Among them, Vishnu is the youngest, in whom all worlds are established.

Words meanings summery:

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• एव (eva) - certainly, exactly (indeed, certainly, only)

• आदितेः (āditeḥ) - of Aditi

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• शक्रमुख्याः (śakramukhyāḥ) - with Indra as their chief (headed by Indra, having Indra as chief)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men (O king of men, O ruler of people)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (referring to the sons of Aditi) (of them, among them)

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - the youngest (the youngest, born last)

• विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu (Vishnu (name of a deity))

• यत्र (yatra) - in whom (referring to Vishnu) (where, in which, in whom)

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, realms (worlds, realms, people)

• प्रतिष्ठिताः (pratiṣṭhitāḥ) - established, reside (established, fixed, residing)

Words meanings and morphology

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (dvi+daśan)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• daśan – ten
  numeral

Note: Agrees with putrāḥ

एव (eva) - certainly, exactly (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

आदितेः (āditeḥ) - of Aditi

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of aditi

aditi - Freedom, security; the goddess Aditi (mother of the Adityas)

Negation of diti (bondage, limitation)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - Son, child

From root puT + tra

Root: puT

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'are'

शक्रमुख्याः (śakramukhyāḥ) - with Indra as their chief (headed by Indra, having Indra as chief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakramukhya

śakramukhya - Headed by Śakra (Indra), having Śakra as chief

Bahuvrīhi compound of śakra (Indra) and mukhya (chief, principal)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śakra+mukhya)

• śakra – Indra; powerful
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with putrāḥ

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men (O king of men, O ruler of people)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - King, ruler, lord of men

Tatpuruṣa compound of nara (man, people) and adhipa (ruler, lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being, people
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (referring to the sons of Aditi) (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - That, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to putrāḥ

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - the youngest (the youngest, born last)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - Born later, younger brother, youngest

Compound of avara (later, inferior) and ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avara+ja)

• avara – later, inferior, lower
  adjective
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agent noun
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for Vishnu

विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu (Vishnu (name of a deity))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a prominent Hindu deity)

Root viṣ (to pervade)

Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the clause

यत्र (yatra) - in whom (referring to Vishnu) (where, in which, in whom)

(indeclinable)

Locative form of the pronominal stem ya

Note: Refers back to Vishnu

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, realms (worlds, realms, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - World, realm, region, people

From root lok (to see, perceive)

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Subject of pratiṣṭhitāḥ

प्रतिष्ठिताः (pratiṣṭhitāḥ) - established, reside (established, fixed, residing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - Established, fixed, founded, residing

past passive participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate for lokāḥ