महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-60, verse-35

द्वादशैवादितेः पुत्राः शक्रमुख्या नराधिप ।
तेषामवरजो विष्णुर्यत्र लोकाः प्रतिष्ठिताः ॥३५॥

35. dvādaśaivāditeḥ putrāḥ śakramukhyā narādhipa ,
teṣāmavarajo viṣṇuryatra lokāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ.

35. dvādaśa eva āditeḥ putrāḥ śakramukhyāḥ narādhipa
teṣām avarajaḥ viṣṇuḥ yatra lokāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ

35. O king of men, Aditi certainly had twelve sons, with Indra as their chief. Among them, Vishnu is the youngest, in whom all worlds are established.

35. הו מלך, שנים עשר בנים היו לאַדִיטִי, ושַׁקְרַה בראשם. הצעיר שבהם הוא וִישְׁנוּ, שבו העולמות מבוססים.

Words meanings summery:

• द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

• एव (eva) - certainly, exactly (indeed, certainly, only)

• आदितेः (āditeḥ) - of Aditi

• पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

• शक्रमुख्याः (śakramukhyāḥ) - with Indra as their chief (headed by Indra, having Indra as chief)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men (O king of men, O ruler of people)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (referring to the sons of Aditi) (of them, among them)

• अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - the youngest (the youngest, born last)

• विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu (Vishnu (name of a deity))

• यत्र (yatra) - in whom (referring to Vishnu) (where, in which, in whom)

• लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, realms (worlds, realms, people)

• प्रतिष्ठिताः (pratiṣṭhitāḥ) - established, reside (established, fixed, residing)

Words meanings and morphology

द्वादश (dvādaśa) - twelve

(numeral)

Compound type : dvandva (dvi+daśan)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• daśan – ten
  numeral

Note: Agrees with putrāḥ

एव (eva) - certainly, exactly (indeed, certainly, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

आदितेः (āditeḥ) - of Aditi

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of aditi

aditi - Freedom, security; the goddess Aditi (mother of the Adityas)

Negation of diti (bondage, limitation)

पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - sons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - Son, child

From root puT + tra

Root: puT

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'are'

शक्रमुख्याः (śakramukhyāḥ) - with Indra as their chief (headed by Indra, having Indra as chief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakramukhya

śakramukhya - Headed by Śakra (Indra), having Śakra as chief

Bahuvrīhi compound of śakra (Indra) and mukhya (chief, principal)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śakra+mukhya)

• śakra – Indra; powerful
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with putrāḥ

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king of men (O king of men, O ruler of people)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - King, ruler, lord of men

Tatpuruṣa compound of nara (man, people) and adhipa (ruler, lord)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being, people
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to the listener

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (referring to the sons of Aditi) (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - That, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to putrāḥ

अवरजः (avarajaḥ) - the youngest (the youngest, born last)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaraja

avaraja - Born later, younger brother, youngest

Compound of avara (later, inferior) and ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avara+ja)

• avara – later, inferior, lower
  adjective
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  agent noun
  Derived from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for Vishnu

विष्णुः (viṣṇuḥ) - Vishnu (Vishnu (name of a deity))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a prominent Hindu deity)

Root viṣ (to pervade)

Root: viṣ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the clause

यत्र (yatra) - in whom (referring to Vishnu) (where, in which, in whom)

(indeclinable)

Locative form of the pronominal stem ya

Note: Refers back to Vishnu

लोकाः (lokāḥ) - worlds, realms (worlds, realms, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - World, realm, region, people

From root lok (to see, perceive)

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Subject of pratiṣṭhitāḥ

प्रतिष्ठिताः (pratiṣṭhitāḥ) - established, reside (established, fixed, residing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - Established, fixed, founded, residing

past passive participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate for lokāḥ

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