योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-190, verse-48

श्रीराम उवाच ।
कोऽत्र कल्पयिताहंत्वं भुङ्क्ते भोक्ता च कश्च वा ।
यन्मूलं यज्जगद्भ्रान्तिरनन्ता प्रविजृम्भते ॥ ४८ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
ko'tra kalpayitāhaṃtvaṃ bhuṅkte bhoktā ca kaśca vā ,
yanmūlaṃ yajjagadbhrāntiranantā pravijṛmbhate 48

48. śrīrāma uvāca kaḥ atra kalpayitā ahaṃtvam bhuṅkte bhoktā ca
kaḥ ca vā yat mūlam yat jagat bhrāntiḥ anantā pravijṛmbhate

48. śrīrāma uvāca atra kaḥ ahaṃtvam kalpayitā ca kaḥ ca vā bhoktā
bhuṅkte yat mūlam yat anantā jagat bhrāntiḥ pravijṛmbhate

48. Śrī Rāma said: Here, who is the one who imagines this ego-sense (ahaṃtva)? And who indeed is the experiencer (bhoktā) or enjoyer, from which arises and profusely expands this infinite illusion (bhrānti) of the world (jagat)?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• अत्र (atra) - here (in this context) (here, in this place, in this matter)

• कल्पयिता (kalpayitā) - the one who imagines (imaginer, creator, fashioner)

• अहंत्वम् (ahaṁtvam) - the ego-sense (ahaṃtva) (ego-sense, 'I'-ness)

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys, experiences

• भोक्ता (bhoktā) - enjoyer, experiencer

• च (ca) - and

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• च (ca) - and

• वा (vā) - indeed (emphatic) (or, indeed, even)

• यत् (yat) - from which (root) (which, from which)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, basis

• यत् (yat) - which (illusion) (which, that)

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

• भ्रान्तिः (bhrāntiḥ) - illusion (bhrānti) (illusion, error, delusion)

• अनन्ता (anantā) - endless, infinite

• प्रविजृम्भते (pravijṛmbhate) - profusely manifests (profusely manifests, expands, blossoms forth)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Śrī Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rama; Rama, the glorious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – splendor, glory, prosperity, wealth, goddess Lakshmi
  noun (feminine)
• rāma – Rama, pleasure, delight
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, subject.

अत्र (atra) - here (in this context) (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place/context.

कल्पयिता (kalpayitā) - the one who imagines (imaginer, creator, fashioner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalpayitṛ

kalpayitṛ - imaginer, contriver, creator

Agent Noun

From causative root √kḷp (to be in order, to form, to imagine) + tṛc suffix

Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'kaḥ'.

अहंत्वम् (ahaṁtvam) - the ego-sense (ahaṃtva) (ego-sense, 'I'-ness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahaṃtva

ahaṁtva - egoism, ego-sense, the state of being 'I'

Derived from 'aham' (I) + 'tva' (suffix for state/nature)

Compound type : tatpurusha (aham+tva)

• aham – I, ego
  pronoun
• tva – suffix denoting 'ness' or 'hood', state of being
  indeclinable (neuter)

Note: Object of 'kalpayitā'.

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - enjoys, experiences

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used with 'bhoktā' as a redundant or emphatic expression.

भोक्ता (bhoktā) - enjoyer, experiencer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhoktṛ

bhoktṛ - enjoyer, experiencer, consumer

Agent Noun

From root √bhuj (to enjoy, experience) + tṛc suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'kaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, used to form "kaś ca" (indefinite 'someone' or 'anyone', or 'who indeed').

वा (vā) - indeed (emphatic) (or, indeed, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

यत् (yat) - from which (root) (which, from which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Functions as a relative pronoun, referring to the agent.

मूलम् (mūlam) - root, origin, basis

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, origin, basis, cause

Note: It is either nominative for 'yat' (what is the root) or accusative and modified by 'yat' for 'who'. The first interpretation seems more fitting.

यत् (yat) - which (illusion) (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'mūlam' or more broadly the preceding query.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, that which moves

Present Active Participle

From root √gam (to go), used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of the compound 'jagad-bhrāntiḥ'.

भ्रान्तिः (bhrāntiḥ) - illusion (bhrānti) (illusion, error, delusion)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhrānti

bhrānti - illusion, error, delusion, confusion

From root √bhram (to wander, to err)

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'pravijṛmbhate'. Forms a tatpurusha compound with 'jagat'.

अनन्ता (anantā) - endless, infinite

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ananta

ananta - infinite, endless, limitless

Negation 'an' + 'anta' (end)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+anta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'bhrāntiḥ'.

प्रविजृम्भते (pravijṛmbhate) - profusely manifests (profusely manifests, expands, blossoms forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of jṛmbh

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: With prefixes 'pra' and 'vi', it indicates intense or expansive manifestation.