योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-190, verse-40

श्रीराम उवाच ।
देशकालक्रियाद्रव्यभेदवेदनचेतसाम् ।
सर्वस्यासंभवे सर्वसत्ता कथमुपस्थिता ॥ ४० ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetasām ,
sarvasyāsaṃbhave sarvasattā kathamupasthitā 40

40. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetasām
sarvasya asaṃbhave sarvasattā katham upasthitā

40. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetasām sarvasya asaṃbhave,
sarvasattā katham upasthitā?

40. Shri Rama said: 'When all these distinctions of space, time, action, substance, perception, and individual minds are absent, how can universal existence be present?'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - The venerable Rama, the son of Daśaratha. (Shri Rama)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• देशकालक्रियाद्रव्यभेदवेदनचेतसाम् (deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetasām) - Of the minds/consciousnesses that perceive distinctions related to space, time, action, and substance. (of space, time, action, substance, difference, perception, and minds)

• सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everything

• असंभवे (asaṁbhave) - in the non-existence, in the absence

• सर्वसत्ता (sarvasattā) - universal existence, the existence of all

• कथम् (katham) - how

• उपस्थिता (upasthitā) - How can it be present/exist? (present, situated, arisen)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - The venerable Rama, the son of Daśaratha. (Shri Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - The glorious Rama; an epithet of Rama.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – glorious, beautiful, revered
  adjective (feminine)
• rāma – Rama (a proper name, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Reduplicated perfect form of √vac, Pāṇinian Class 2.

Root: vac (class 2)

देशकालक्रियाद्रव्यभेदवेदनचेतसाम् (deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetasām) - Of the minds/consciousnesses that perceive distinctions related to space, time, action, and substance. (of space, time, action, substance, difference, perception, and minds)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetas

deśakālakriyādravyabhedavedanacetas - the minds or conscious principles involved in distinguishing between space, time, action, and substance.

Long compound, genitive plural of an -as stem noun. Composed of 'deśa' (space), 'kāla' (time), 'kriyā' (action), 'dravya' (substance), 'bheda' (difference), 'vedana' (perception), and 'cetas' (mind/consciousness).

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (deśa+kāla+kriyā+dravya+bheda+vedana+cetas)

• deśa – space, place, region
  noun (masculine)
• kāla – time
  noun (masculine)
• kriyā – action, activity, rite
  noun (feminine)
  From √kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• dravya – substance, material, thing
  noun (neuter)
• bheda – difference, distinction, division
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhid (to split).
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• vedana – perception, knowledge, sensation
  noun (neuter)
  From √vid (to know, perceive).
  Root: vid (class 6)
• cetas – mind, consciousness, intellect
  noun (neuter)
  From √cit (to perceive, observe).
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Refers to the minds or conscious principles involved in distinguishing these categories.

सर्वस्य (sarvasya) - of all, of everything

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Neuter genitive singular form of the universal pronoun 'sarva'.

असंभवे (asaṁbhave) - in the non-existence, in the absence

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of asaṃbhava

asaṁbhava - non-existence, impossibility, absence

Formed by the negative prefix 'a-' followed by 'saṃbhava' (existence, possibility).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃbhava)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• saṃbhava – existence, possibility, origin
  noun (masculine)
  From √bhū (to be) with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhū (class 1)

सर्वसत्ता (sarvasattā) - universal existence, the existence of all

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sarvasattā

sarvasattā - universal existence, the state of all existing, the totality of being

Compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'sattā' (existence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+sattā)

• sarva – all, whole, every
  pronoun (neuter)
• sattā – existence, being, reality, essence
  noun (feminine)
  From √as (to be) + suffix '-tā'.
  Root: as (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

उपस्थिता (upasthitā) - How can it be present/exist? (present, situated, arisen)

(past passive participle)