योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-190, verse-24

श्रीराम उवाच ।
चेतिता चेतति यन्त्रं द्रष्टा दृश्यत्वमीश्वरः ।
कथमेति कथं वह्निं दहेत्काष्ठं कदा किल ॥ २४ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
cetitā cetati yantraṃ draṣṭā dṛśyatvamīśvaraḥ ,
kathameti kathaṃ vahniṃ dahetkāṣṭhaṃ kadā kila 24

24. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca cetitā cetati yantram draṣṭā dṛśyatvam
īśvaraḥ katham eti katham vahnim dahet kāṣṭham kadā kila

24. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca cetitā yantram
cetati? draṣṭā dṛśyatvam eti?
īśvaraḥ [eti]? katham [idam] eti?
kāṣṭham vahnim kadā kila dahet?

24. Shri Rama said: Does the perceived object perceive like an instrument? Does the seer (draṣṭā) become the seen? Is it the Lord (Īśvara)? How does this happen? When would wood ever burn fire?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Lord Rama, the speaker (Shri Rama)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• चेतिता (cetitā) - the perceived object, referring to 'cetitam' from the previous verse (the perceived one/object; the intelligent one)

• चेतति (cetati) - perceives, understands, is conscious

• यन्त्रम् (yantram) - like a lifeless machine or tool (instrument, machine, device)

• द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - the perceiving subject (seer, observer)

• दृश्यत्वम् (dṛśyatvam) - the object of perception (the state of being seen, the seen object)

• ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Supreme Lord (Īśvara) (Lord, master, God)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• एति (eti) - happens, occurs, becomes (goes, comes, attains, happens)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• वह्निम् (vahnim) - fire

• दहेत् (dahet) - could ever burn (rhetorical question) (should burn, would burn)

• काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - a piece of wood (wood, stick)

• कदा (kadā) - ever, at any time (implying 'never') (when, at what time)

• किल (kila) - emphasizes the rhetorical nature of the question (indeed, surely, (interrogative particle))

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Lord Rama, the speaker (Shri Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rama; an epithet of Vishnu

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of uvāca

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

चेतिता (cetitā) - the perceived object, referring to 'cetitam' from the previous verse (the perceived one/object; the intelligent one)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cetita

cetita - perceived, thought, known; one who perceives or is intelligent

past passive participle (feminine nominalized)

past passive participle of √cit (to perceive), used as a feminine noun

Root: cit (class 1)

चेतति (cetati) - perceives, understands, is conscious

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of cit

present active

3rd person singular present active of √cit (to perceive)

Root: cit (class 1)

यन्त्रम् (yantram) - like a lifeless machine or tool (instrument, machine, device)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yantra

yantra - instrument, machine, device, tool

Root: yam (class 1)

द्रष्टा (draṣṭā) - the perceiving subject (seer, observer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of draṣṭṛ

draṣṭṛ - seer, observer, witness

agent noun

agent noun from √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

दृश्यत्वम् (dṛśyatvam) - the object of perception (the state of being seen, the seen object)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśyatva

dṛśyatva - visibility, the state of being seen, the seen object

abstract noun formed from dṛśya (visible) + -tva (suffix)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dṛśya+tva)

• dṛśya – visible, to be seen, object of sight
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  gerundive of √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns
  suffix (neuter)

ईश्वरः (īśvaraḥ) - the Supreme Lord (Īśvara) (Lord, master, God)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, king, God, capable

from √īś (to be master)

Root: īś (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

एति (eti) - happens, occurs, becomes (goes, comes, attains, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of i

present active

3rd person singular present active of √i (to go)

Root: i (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

वह्निम् (vahnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, Agni (god of fire)

दहेत् (dahet) - could ever burn (rhetorical question) (should burn, would burn)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhilin) of dah

optative active

3rd person singular optative active of √dah (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)

काष्ठम् (kāṣṭham) - a piece of wood (wood, stick)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāṣṭha

kāṣṭha - wood, piece of wood, stick

कदा (kadā) - ever, at any time (implying 'never') (when, at what time)

(indeclinable)

किल (kila) - emphasizes the rhetorical nature of the question (indeed, surely, (interrogative particle))

(indeclinable)