योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-61

कस्तवायं जडो मूको देहो भवति राघव ।
यदर्थं सुखदुःखाभ्यामवशः परिभूयसे ॥ ६१ ॥

kastavāyaṃ jaḍo mūko deho bhavati rāghava ,
yadarthaṃ sukhaduḥkhābhyāmavaśaḥ paribhūyase 61

61. kaḥ tava ayam jaḍaḥ mūkaḥ dehaḥ bhavati rāghava
yat-artham sukha-duḥkhābhyām avaśaḥ paribhūyase

61. rāghava tava ayam jaḍaḥ mūkaḥ dehaḥ kaḥ bhavati
yat-artham avaśaḥ sukha-duḥkhābhyām paribhūyase

61. O Rāghava, what is this inert and mute body of yours, for the sake of which you are helplessly overcome by pleasure and pain?

61. מהו הגוף הדומם והאילם הזה שלך, רָאגְהַוַה, שבגללו אתה מנוצח ללא הועיל על ידי עונג וכאב?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• जडः (jaḍaḥ) - inert, dull, unconscious

• मूकः (mūkaḥ) - mute, speechless

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

• राघव (rāghava) - Addressed to the listener, usually Vasiṣṭha addressing Rama. (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

• यत्-अर्थम् (yat-artham) - for the sake of which, for what purpose

• सुख-दुःखाभ्याम् (sukha-duḥkhābhyām) - by pleasures and pains

• अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

• परिभूयसे (paribhūyase) - you are overcome, you are afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

second person pronoun

Note: Possessive pronoun.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agrees with 'dehaḥ'.

जडः (jaḍaḥ) - inert, dull, unconscious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaḍa

jaḍa - inert, dull, inanimate, senseless, cold

Note: Agrees with 'dehaḥ'.

मूकः (mūkaḥ) - mute, speechless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūka

mūka - mute, dumb, speechless

Note: Agrees with 'dehaḥ'.

देहः (dehaḥ) - body

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, existence

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhū

root verb, class 1

Root: bhū (class 1)

राघव (rāghava) - Addressed to the listener, usually Vasiṣṭha addressing Rama. (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama (proper name)

Note: Vocative form, addressing Rama.

यत्-अर्थम् (yat-artham) - for the sake of which, for what purpose

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yat+artha)

• yat – which, what
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial use.

सुख-दुःखाभ्याम् (sukha-duḥkhābhyām) - by pleasures and pains

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of sukha-duḥkha

sukha-duḥkha - pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent causing 'paribhūyase'.

अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśa

avaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, not master of oneself

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+vaśa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vaśa – will, power, control
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'tvam'.

परिभूयसे (paribhūyase) - you are overcome, you are afflicted

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of paribhū

root verb with prefix, class 1

Prefix: pari

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Middle voice ending for passive verb.

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