योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-61

कस्तवायं जडो मूको देहो भवति राघव ।
यदर्थं सुखदुःखाभ्यामवशः परिभूयसे ॥ ६१ ॥

kastavāyaṃ jaḍo mūko deho bhavati rāghava ,
yadarthaṃ sukhaduḥkhābhyāmavaśaḥ paribhūyase 61

61. kaḥ tava ayam jaḍaḥ mūkaḥ dehaḥ bhavati rāghava
yat-artham sukha-duḥkhābhyām avaśaḥ paribhūyase

61. rāghava tava ayam jaḍaḥ mūkaḥ dehaḥ kaḥ bhavati
yat-artham avaśaḥ sukha-duḥkhābhyām paribhūyase

61. O Rāghava, what is this inert and mute body of yours, for the sake of which you are helplessly overcome by pleasure and pain?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• जडः (jaḍaḥ) - inert, dull, unconscious

• मूकः (mūkaḥ) - mute, speechless

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body

• भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

• राघव (rāghava) - Addressed to the listener, usually Vasiṣṭha addressing Rama. (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

• यत्-अर्थम् (yat-artham) - for the sake of which, for what purpose

• सुख-दुःखाभ्याम् (sukha-duḥkhābhyām) - by pleasures and pains

• अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

• परिभूयसे (paribhūyase) - you are overcome, you are afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

second person pronoun

Note: Possessive pronoun.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Agrees with 'dehaḥ'.

जडः (jaḍaḥ) - inert, dull, unconscious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaḍa

jaḍa - inert, dull, inanimate, senseless, cold

Note: Agrees with 'dehaḥ'.

मूकः (mūkaḥ) - mute, speechless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūka

mūka - mute, dumb, speechless

Note: Agrees with 'dehaḥ'.

देहः (dehaḥ) - body

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, existence

Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - is, becomes, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhū

root verb, class 1

Root: bhū (class 1)

राघव (rāghava) - Addressed to the listener, usually Vasiṣṭha addressing Rama. (O Rāghava (descendant of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama (proper name)

Note: Vocative form, addressing Rama.

यत्-अर्थम् (yat-artham) - for the sake of which, for what purpose

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yat+artha)

• yat – which, what
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial use.

सुख-दुःखाभ्याम् (sukha-duḥkhābhyām) - by pleasures and pains

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of sukha-duḥkha

sukha-duḥkha - pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agent causing 'paribhūyase'.

अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśa

avaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, not master of oneself

Compound type : nañ-bahuvrīhi (a+vaśa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vaśa – will, power, control
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implied 'tvam'.

परिभूयसे (paribhūyase) - you are overcome, you are afflicted

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of paribhū

root verb with prefix, class 1

Prefix: pari

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Middle voice ending for passive verb.