योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-114, verse-2

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
यथा तुषारकणिका भास्करालोकनात्क्षणात् ।
नश्यत्येवमविद्येयं राघवात्मावलोकनात् ॥ २ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
yathā tuṣārakaṇikā bhāskarālokanātkṣaṇāt ,
naśyatyevamavidyeyaṃ rāghavātmāvalokanāt 2

2. śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca yathā tuṣārakaṇikā bhāskara ālokanāt
kṣaṇāt naśyati evam avidyā iyam rāghava ātma avalokanāt

2. śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca rāghava,
yathā tuṣārakaṇikā bhāskara ālokanāt kṣaṇāt naśyati,
evam iyam avidyā ātma avalokanāt (naśyati)

2. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: O Rāghava, just as a dewdrop instantly vanishes upon the sight of the sun, so too does this ignorance (avidyā) truly disappear through the realization of the Self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठ (śrīvasiṣṭha) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (Lord Vasiṣṭha)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, how)

• तुषारकणिका (tuṣārakaṇikā) - a dewdrop (a dewdrop, a frost particle)

• भास्कर (bhāskara) - the sun (the sun, giver of light)

• आलोकनात् (ālokanāt) - upon the sight (from seeing, from observing, from the sight)

• क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - instantly (in a moment, instantly, from a moment)

• नश्यति (naśyati) - vanishes (perishes, vanishes, disappears)

• एवम् (evam) - so too (thus, so, in this manner)

• अविद्या (avidyā) - this ignorance (avidyā) (ignorance, non-knowledge)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (ignorance) (this (feminine))

• राघव (rāghava) - O Rāghava (Rāma) (descendant of Raghu, son of Raghu (Rāma))

• आत्म (ātma) - the Self (ātman) (Self, soul)

• अवलोकनात् (avalokanāt) - through the realization (from seeing, from perceiving, from realizing)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठ (śrīvasiṣṭha) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha (Lord Vasiṣṭha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - name of a revered sage, one of the Saptarishis

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, how)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

तुषारकणिका (tuṣārakaṇikā) - a dewdrop (a dewdrop, a frost particle)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tuṣārakaṇikā

tuṣārakaṇikā - particle of frost, dewdrop

Feminine nominative singular compound.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (tuṣāra+kaṇikā)

• tuṣāra – frost, ice, cold, dew
  noun (masculine)
• kaṇikā – small particle, droplet, grain
  noun (feminine)
  Diminutive of kaṇa.

Note: Subject of the 'just as' clause.

भास्कर (bhāskara) - the sun (the sun, giver of light)

(noun)

masculine, singular of bhāskara

bhāskara - sun, maker of light

From bhās (light) + kara (maker).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of the compound ālokanāt.

आलोकनात् (ālokanāt) - upon the sight (from seeing, from observing, from the sight)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ālokana

ālokana - seeing, looking, observing, sight

Action noun

From ā + lok + lyuṭ.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: 'bhāskara ālokanāt' is a genitive tatpuruṣa, the sight of the sun. The ablative ending refers to the cause/source.

क्षणात् (kṣaṇāt) - instantly (in a moment, instantly, from a moment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, short time

Ablative singular of kṣaṇa.

Note: Used adverbially.

नश्यति (naśyati) - vanishes (perishes, vanishes, disappears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present active

Root naś is class 4.

Root: naś (class 4)

एवम् (evam) - so too (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अविद्या (avidyā) - this ignorance (avidyā) (ignorance, non-knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā

avidyā - ignorance, non-knowledge

From a (not) + vidyā (knowledge).

Note: Subject of the 'so too' clause.

इयम् (iyam) - this (ignorance) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Refers to 'avidyā'.

राघव (rāghava) - O Rāghava (Rāma) (descendant of Raghu, son of Raghu (Rāma))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rāma

Vocative singular.

आत्म (ātma) - the Self (ātman) (Self, soul)

(noun)

masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, individual soul, the Supreme Soul

Stem used in compounds for 'ātman'.

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Part of the compound ātmāvalokanāt.

अवलोकनात् (avalokanāt) - through the realization (from seeing, from perceiving, from realizing)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of avalokana

avalokana - seeing, looking, perception, realization

Action noun

From ava + lok + lyuṭ.

Prefix: ava

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: 'ātma avalokanāt' (realization of the Self) is ablative, indicating the means or cause.