वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-11, verse-6

किं नु सीताथ वैदेही मैथिली जनकात्मजा ।
उपतिष्ठेत विवशा रावणं दुष्टचारिणम् ॥६॥

6. kiṃ nu sītātha vaidehī maithilī janakātmajā ,
upatiṣṭheta vivaśā rāvaṇaṃ duṣṭacāriṇam.

6. kim nu sītā atha vaidehī maithilī janakātmajā
upatiṣṭheta vivaśā rāvaṇam duṣṭacāriṇam

6. sītā atha vaidehī maithilī janakātmajā kim
nu vivaśā duṣṭacāriṇam rāvaṇam upatiṣṭheta

6. How could Sītā – Vaidehī, Maithilī, Janakātmajā – ever helplessly submit to Rāvaṇa, the one with evil conduct?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - how (expressing incredulity) (what? how?)

• नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, then, surely)

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā

• अथ (atha) - or (indicating an alternative way of referring to Sītā) (then, now, or, moreover)

• वैदेही (vaidehī) - Vaidehī (daughter of Videha)

• मैथिली (maithilī) - Maithilī (princess of Mithila)

• जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - daughter of Janaka

• उपतिष्ठेत (upatiṣṭheta) - would submit (to sexual advances or dominance) (would approach, would attend, would serve, would submit)

• विवशा (vivaśā) - helplessly, against her will (helpless, powerless, against one's will)

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

• दुष्टचारिणम् (duṣṭacāriṇam) - evil-doer, one of evil conduct

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - how (expressing incredulity) (what? how?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative particle implying 'how could this be?'

नु (nu) - indeed (emphasizing the question) (indeed, now, then, surely)

(indeclinable)

सीता (sītā) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (proper name of the heroine of the Rāmāyaṇa)

अथ (atha) - or (indicating an alternative way of referring to Sītā) (then, now, or, moreover)

(indeclinable)

वैदेही (vaidehī) - Vaidehī (daughter of Videha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - Vaidehī (a name for Sītā, meaning 'princess of Videha' or 'daughter of the king of Videha')

मैथिली (maithilī) - Maithilī (princess of Mithila)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maithilī

maithilī - Maithilī (a name for Sītā, meaning 'princess of Mithila')

जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - daughter of Janaka

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka

Compound type : tatpurusha (janaka+ātmajā)

• janaka – Janaka (proper name, king of Videha and father of Sītā)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)

उपतिष्ठेत (upatiṣṭheta) - would submit (to sexual advances or dominance) (would approach, would attend, would serve, would submit)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, ātmanepada, optative (vidhiliṅ) of upatiṣṭh

Derived from root √sthā with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

विवशा (vivaśā) - helplessly, against her will (helpless, powerless, against one's will)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vivaśa

vivaśa - powerless, helpless, dependent, unwilling

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+vaśa)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
• vaśa – will, control, power
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies Sītā.

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, the demon king of Laṅkā)

Note: Object of the verb 'upatiṣṭheta'.

दुष्टचारिणम् (duṣṭacāriṇam) - evil-doer, one of evil conduct

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣṭacārin

duṣṭacārin - one of evil conduct, evil-doer, villainous

Compound type : tatpurusha (duṣṭa+cārin)

• duṣṭa – bad, wicked, evil, corrupted (past passive participle of √duṣ)
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √duṣ (to be bad, to spoil).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• cārin – moving, going, behaving, one who acts
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √car (to move, to act).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying Rāvaṇa.