वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-11, verse-20

यदि सीतामदृष्ट्वाहं वानरेन्द्रपुरीमितः ।
गमिष्यामि ततः को मे पुरुषार्थो भविष्यति ॥२०॥

20. yadi sītāmadṛṣṭvāhaṃ vānarendrapurīmitaḥ ,
gamiṣyāmi tataḥ ko me puruṣārtho bhaviṣyati.

20. yadi sītām adṛṣṭvā ahaṃ vānarendrapurīm itaḥ
gamiṣyāmi tataḥ kaḥ me puruṣārthaḥ bhaviṣyati

20. If I return from here to the city of the vānara king without seeing Sītā, then what will be my ultimate human objective (puruṣārtha)?

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

• अदृष्ट्वा (adṛṣṭvā) - without seeing (without having seen)

• अहं (ahaṁ) - I

• वानरेन्द्रपुरीम् (vānarendrapurīm) - to the city of the vānara king (to the city of the lord of Vānaras)

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here (from here, hence)

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go (return) (I will go)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that, therefore)

• कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

• मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

• पुरुषार्थः (puruṣārthaḥ) - ultimate human objective (puruṣārtha) (human aim, objective, purpose (dharma, artha, kāma, mokṣa))

• भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be (will be, will become)

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction introducing a conditional clause.

सीताम् (sītām) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (proper name of Rāma's wife)

अदृष्ट्वा (adṛṣṭvā) - without seeing (without having seen)

(indeclinable)

Negative Absolutive (gerund)

Formed by a- (negative prefix) + root dṛś (to see) + absolutive suffix -tvā.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dṛṣṭvā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• dṛṣṭvā – having seen
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (gerund)
  From root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies gamiṣyāmi.

अहं (ahaṁ) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First-person pronoun.

वानरेन्द्रपुरीम् (vānarendrapurīm) - to the city of the vānara king (to the city of the lord of Vānaras)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vānarendrapurī

vānarendrapurī - city of the lord of monkeys/vānaras

Compound of vānara (monkey/vānara), indra (lord), and purī (city).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+indra+purī)

• vānara – monkey, forest dweller, vānara
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)
• purī – city, town
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of gamiṣyāmi, indicating destination.

इतः (itaḥ) - from here (from here, hence)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will go (return) (I will go)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future tense formation.

Root: gam (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

कः (kaḥ) - what (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

Interrogative pronoun.

Note: Adjective to puruṣārthaḥ.

मे (me) - my (my, to me, for me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

From the first-person pronoun.

Note: Possessive pronoun for puruṣārthaḥ.

पुरुषार्थः (puruṣārthaḥ) - ultimate human objective (puruṣārtha) (human aim, objective, purpose (dharma, artha, kāma, mokṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣārtha

puruṣārtha - human aim, objective, purpose, goal of human life

Compound of puruṣa (person) and artha (aim, purpose).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+artha)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, cosmic person
  noun (masculine)
• artha – aim, purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of bhaviṣyati.

भविष्यति (bhaviṣyati) - will be (will be, will become)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)